<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><rss xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/" xmlns:content="http://purl.org/rss/1.0/modules/content/" xmlns:atom="http://www.w3.org/2005/Atom" version="2.0" xmlns:itunes="http://www.itunes.com/dtds/podcast-1.0.dtd" xmlns:googleplay="http://www.google.com/schemas/play-podcasts/1.0"><channel><title><![CDATA[Eva-Lotta Hultén]]></title><description><![CDATA[Swedish writer and essayist trying to bend things right. Writings on nature and nurture, culture and counterculture.]]></description><link>https://evalottahultn.substack.com</link><image><url>https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!D4Hm!,w_256,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Ff71c210f-0ccd-4c2e-a3d8-41c0cd6e1e7c_1536x1536.jpeg</url><title>Eva-Lotta Hultén</title><link>https://evalottahultn.substack.com</link></image><generator>Substack</generator><lastBuildDate>Fri, 21 Aug 2026 12:07:59 GMT</lastBuildDate><atom:link href="https://evalottahultn.substack.com/feed" rel="self" type="application/rss+xml"/><copyright><![CDATA[Eva-Lotta Hultén]]></copyright><language><![CDATA[en]]></language><webMaster><![CDATA[evalottahultn@substack.com]]></webMaster><itunes:owner><itunes:email><![CDATA[evalottahultn@substack.com]]></itunes:email><itunes:name><![CDATA[Eva-Lotta Hultén]]></itunes:name></itunes:owner><itunes:author><![CDATA[Eva-Lotta Hultén]]></itunes:author><googleplay:owner><![CDATA[evalottahultn@substack.com]]></googleplay:owner><googleplay:email><![CDATA[evalottahultn@substack.com]]></googleplay:email><googleplay:author><![CDATA[Eva-Lotta Hultén]]></googleplay:author><itunes:block><![CDATA[Yes]]></itunes:block><item><title><![CDATA[Dansa för klimatet]]></title><description><![CDATA[I helgen som kommer ska jag dansa f&#246;r klimatet p&#229; gator och torg i Stockholm. Jag knyter d&#229; an till en m&#229;ngtusen&#229;rig tradition av att dansa f&#246;r att p&#229;verka h&#246;gre makter.]]></description><link>https://evalottahultn.substack.com/p/dansa-for-klimatet</link><guid isPermaLink="false">https://evalottahultn.substack.com/p/dansa-for-klimatet</guid><dc:creator><![CDATA[Eva-Lotta Hultén]]></dc:creator><pubDate>Mon, 17 Aug 2026 11:13:08 GMT</pubDate><enclosure url="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!GYhX!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F41c50819-c53b-4224-943a-74f8664ec7c1_1237x1191.heic" length="0" type="image/jpeg"/><content:encoded><![CDATA[<p><span>I helgen som kommer ska jag dansa f&#246;r klimatet p&#229; gator och torg i Stockholm. Jag knyter d&#229; an till en m&#229;ngtusen&#229;rig tradition av att dansa f&#246;r att p&#229;verka h&#246;gre makter. Men nu &#228;r det inte v&#228;dergudarna jag v&#228;nder mig till utan politiker, och alla som snart ska s&#228;ga sitt i stundande val.</span></p><p><span>&#197;rets riksdagsval handlar f&#246;r mig om hur vi ska f&#246;rh&#229;lla oss till v&#228;rlden i tider av annalkande katastrofer. Vi befinner oss i b&#246;rjan av en enorm omv&#228;lvning av hur sj&#228;lva jordens ekosystem fungerar. Det kommer p&#229;verka precis allt i v&#229;ra samh&#228;llen: matproduktion, transporter, byggnation, ekonomi, samh&#228;llelig stabilitet, s&#228;kerhet &#8230;</span></p><p><span>I helgen som kommer anordnar Rebellmammorna en 24-timmarsmanifestation i Stockholm, och den f&#246;ljs dagen efter upp med en stor demonstration med SNF som huvudorganisat&#246;r (l&#228;nkar l&#228;ngre ner). Jag kommer troligen b&#229;de gr&#229;ta och skratta, hoppas och f&#246;rtvivla medan jag deltar. Jag dansar i desperation. Det kaos som v&#228;rlden tycks p&#229; v&#228;g mot manifesterar sig nu hos allt fler av oss som k&#228;nslor av sorg, f&#246;rvirring, oro och skr&#228;ck. Att dansa och manifestera med andra &#228;r ett av mina s&#228;tt att hantera min egen &#229;ngest och sorg &#8211; och att p&#229;verka andra.</span></p><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!GYhX!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F41c50819-c53b-4224-943a-74f8664ec7c1_1237x1191.heic" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!GYhX!,w_424,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F41c50819-c53b-4224-943a-74f8664ec7c1_1237x1191.heic 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!GYhX!,w_848,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F41c50819-c53b-4224-943a-74f8664ec7c1_1237x1191.heic 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!GYhX!,w_1272,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F41c50819-c53b-4224-943a-74f8664ec7c1_1237x1191.heic 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!GYhX!,w_1456,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F41c50819-c53b-4224-943a-74f8664ec7c1_1237x1191.heic 1456w" sizes="100vw"><img src="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!GYhX!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F41c50819-c53b-4224-943a-74f8664ec7c1_1237x1191.heic" width="1237" height="1191" data-attrs="{&quot;src&quot;:&quot;https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/41c50819-c53b-4224-943a-74f8664ec7c1_1237x1191.heic&quot;,&quot;srcNoWatermark&quot;:null,&quot;fullscreen&quot;:null,&quot;imageSize&quot;:null,&quot;height&quot;:1191,&quot;width&quot;:1237,&quot;resizeWidth&quot;:null,&quot;bytes&quot;:207465,&quot;alt&quot;:null,&quot;title&quot;:null,&quot;type&quot;:&quot;image/heic&quot;,&quot;href&quot;:null,&quot;belowTheFold&quot;:false,&quot;topImage&quot;:true,&quot;internalRedirect&quot;:&quot;https://evalottahultn.substack.com/i/211538665?img=https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F41c50819-c53b-4224-943a-74f8664ec7c1_1237x1191.heic&quot;,&quot;isProcessing&quot;:false,&quot;align&quot;:null,&quot;offset&quot;:false}" class="sizing-normal" alt="" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!GYhX!,w_424,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F41c50819-c53b-4224-943a-74f8664ec7c1_1237x1191.heic 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!GYhX!,w_848,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F41c50819-c53b-4224-943a-74f8664ec7c1_1237x1191.heic 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!GYhX!,w_1272,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F41c50819-c53b-4224-943a-74f8664ec7c1_1237x1191.heic 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!GYhX!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F41c50819-c53b-4224-943a-74f8664ec7c1_1237x1191.heic 1456w" sizes="100vw" fetchpriority="high"></picture><div class="image-link-expand"><div class="pencraft pc-display-flex pc-gap-8 pc-reset"><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container restack-image"><svg aria-hidden="true" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 20 20" fill="none" stroke-width="1.5" stroke="var(--color-fg-primary)" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><g><path d="M2.53001 7.81595C3.49179 4.73911 6.43281 2.5 9.91173 2.5C13.1684 2.5 15.9537 4.46214 17.0852 7.23684L17.6179 8.67647M17.6179 8.67647L18.5002 4.26471M17.6179 8.67647L13.6473 6.91176M17.4995 12.1841C16.5378 15.2609 13.5967 17.5 10.1178 17.5C6.86118 17.5 4.07589 15.5379 2.94432 12.7632L2.41165 11.3235M2.41165 11.3235L1.5293 15.7353M2.41165 11.3235L6.38224 13.0882"></path></g></svg></button><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container view-image"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-maximize2 lucide-maximize-2"><polyline points="15 3 21 3 21 9"></polyline><polyline points="9 21 3 21 3 15"></polyline><line x1="21" x2="14" y1="3" y2="10"></line><line x1="3" x2="10" y1="21" y2="14"></line></svg></button></div></div></div></a></figure></div><p><em>Jag med min nu alltmer slitna skylt, p&#229; lokal manifestation.</em></p><p><strong><span>Klimatsorg &#228;r inte som annan sorg</span></strong></p><p><span>Klimatsorg &#228;r inte som annan sorg, s&#229;dan som vanligtvis beror p&#229; n&#229;got som h&#228;nder en g&#229;ng och som man sedan kan bearbeta och f&#246;r det mesta ta sig igenom. Den h&#228;r sorgen har ingen b&#246;rjan och inget slut eftersom klimat- och milj&#246;krisen bara p&#229;g&#229;r. L&#246;sningen &#228;r inte att alla med klimat&#229;ngest/-sorg l&#228;r sig att djupandas och schemal&#228;gga jobbiga tankar till en kvart om dagen (som &#229;ngestterapi kan f&#246;resl&#229;). Det som beh&#246;vs f&#246;r att bota &#228;r handlingskraft p&#229; de omr&#229;den d&#228;r radikala f&#246;r&#228;ndringar kr&#228;vs. Annars blir det lite som att be en cancerpatient att bara t&#228;nka p&#229; sjukdomen en kvart om dagen och strunta i behandling. Jag ser det h&#228;r valet som en m&#246;jlighet att r&#246;sta f&#246;r klimat och milj&#246;, och emot handlingsf&#246;rlamning och klimat&#229;ngest; och att f&#229; i g&#229;ng samtal om hur vi vill leva i st&#228;llet, n&#228;r vi slutar f&#246;rst&#246;ra den jord som &#228;r v&#229;rt enda hem i universum.</span></p><p></p><p><strong><span>Det &#228;r systemet som &#228;r problemet</span></strong></p><p><span>Varf&#246;r pratar vi s&#229; lite om de politiska realiteter som vi de facto kommer beh&#246;va hantera, och som har med de ramar naturen st&#228;ller upp f&#246;r oss att g&#246;ra? Systemet m&#229;ste &#228;ndras s&#229; att det blir m&#246;jligt att leva ett h&#229;llbart liv i ett &#246;verfl&#246;dsland som Sverige. Samtidigt kan den tanken ocks&#229; bli f&#246;rlamande. Hur ska man som individ angripa systemet? Fler beh&#246;ver f&#229; upp &#246;gonen f&#246;r hur de kan bidra f&#246;r annars riskerar de i st&#228;llet att blunda.</span></p><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!Q5M2!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fa83a36bc-4d77-491c-9d63-e42a7282acaf_1128x1026.heic" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!Q5M2!,w_424,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fa83a36bc-4d77-491c-9d63-e42a7282acaf_1128x1026.heic 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!Q5M2!,w_848,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fa83a36bc-4d77-491c-9d63-e42a7282acaf_1128x1026.heic 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!Q5M2!,w_1272,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fa83a36bc-4d77-491c-9d63-e42a7282acaf_1128x1026.heic 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!Q5M2!,w_1456,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fa83a36bc-4d77-491c-9d63-e42a7282acaf_1128x1026.heic 1456w" sizes="100vw"><img src="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!Q5M2!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fa83a36bc-4d77-491c-9d63-e42a7282acaf_1128x1026.heic" width="1128" height="1026" 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srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!Q5M2!,w_424,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fa83a36bc-4d77-491c-9d63-e42a7282acaf_1128x1026.heic 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!Q5M2!,w_848,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fa83a36bc-4d77-491c-9d63-e42a7282acaf_1128x1026.heic 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!Q5M2!,w_1272,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fa83a36bc-4d77-491c-9d63-e42a7282acaf_1128x1026.heic 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!Q5M2!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fa83a36bc-4d77-491c-9d63-e42a7282acaf_1128x1026.heic 1456w" sizes="100vw" loading="lazy"></picture><div class="image-link-expand"><div class="pencraft pc-display-flex pc-gap-8 pc-reset"><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container restack-image"><svg aria-hidden="true" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 20 20" fill="none" stroke-width="1.5" stroke="var(--color-fg-primary)" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><g><path d="M2.53001 7.81595C3.49179 4.73911 6.43281 2.5 9.91173 2.5C13.1684 2.5 15.9537 4.46214 17.0852 7.23684L17.6179 8.67647M17.6179 8.67647L18.5002 4.26471M17.6179 8.67647L13.6473 6.91176M17.4995 12.1841C16.5378 15.2609 13.5967 17.5 10.1178 17.5C6.86118 17.5 4.07589 15.5379 2.94432 12.7632L2.41165 11.3235M2.41165 11.3235L1.5293 15.7353M2.41165 11.3235L6.38224 13.0882"></path></g></svg></button><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container view-image"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-maximize2 lucide-maximize-2"><polyline points="15 3 21 3 21 9"></polyline><polyline points="9 21 3 21 3 15"></polyline><line x1="21" x2="14" y1="3" y2="10"></line><line x1="3" x2="10" y1="21" y2="14"></line></svg></button></div></div></div></a></figure></div><p><em>Delar av min dansgrupp i Bohusl&#228;n dansar till Staying alive, v&#229;ren 2026.</em></p><p><strong><span>Aktivism misst&#228;nkligg&#246;rs</span></strong></p><p><span>Jag anser att alla m&#228;nniskor har ett ansvar f&#246;r att uppr&#228;tth&#229;lla relationer till, och balanser i, naturen. Det &#228;r en slutsats som p&#229;verkar hur jag f&#246;rh&#229;ller mig till samh&#228;llet, hur jag r&#246;star och hur jag agerar i vardagen. Det &#228;r vad jag vill ska genomsyra den politik som f&#246;rs och vara en grundl&#228;ggande v&#228;rdering n&#228;r vi formar samh&#228;llet. D&#228;rf&#246;r kommer jag att dansa p&#229; Stockholms gator, delta i Rebellmammornas stora manifestation l&#246;rdag-s&#246;ndag p&#229; Sergels torg, och g&#229; (dansa) med i den stora klimatmarschen p&#229; s&#246;ndag. Och ja, alla ni politiker och debatt&#246;rer som bidrar till f&#246;raktet mot &#8221;aktivism&#8221;, det &#228;r ett hot mot status quo att m&#228;nniskor engagerar sig. Den som tj&#228;nar p&#229; status quo har anledning b&#228;va. Men status quo &#228;r i det h&#228;r fallet inte ett fortsatt m&#246;jligt alternativ, ens p&#229; kort sikt.</span></p><div class="pullquote"><p>&#8220;Och ja, alla ni politiker och debatt&#246;rer som bidrar till f&#246;raktet mot &#8216;aktivism&#8217;, det &#228;r ett hot mot status quo att m&#228;nniskor engagerar sig. Den som tj&#228;nar p&#229; status quo har anledning b&#228;va. Men status quo &#228;r i det h&#228;r fallet inte ett fortsatt m&#246;jligt alternativ, ens p&#229; kort sikt.&#8221;</p></div><p><span>Vi kan inte v&#228;lja om vi vill att samh&#228;llet ska f&#246;r&#228;ndras eller inte. Det kommer att ske. P&#229; ett ordnat s&#228;tt om vi v&#228;ljer det &#8211; eller genom samh&#228;llskollapser n&#228;r ekosystemen havererar. </span><em><span>Hur vi ska ha det i st&#228;llet och hur vi ska n&#229; dit</span></em><span> &#228;r d&#228;rmed politiska fr&#229;gor som vi alla b&#246;r vara lika angel&#228;gna att lyfta. S&#229; visst kan man kalla det jag g&#246;r n&#228;r jag dansar aktivism, politiskt p&#229;verkansarbete eller kanske rentav milj&#246;mupperi, men inte som det b&#246;rjat l&#229;ta fr&#229;n vissa h&#229;ll nu: extremism eller sabotage. Det &#228;r tron p&#229; att vi kan l&#229;ta bli att f&#246;r&#228;ndras som &#228;r extrem.</span></p><p><em><strong><span>Att ta ut en ny riktning</span></strong></em></p><p><span>&#196;r jag en bak&#229;tstr&#228;vare? S&#229;dant kan man bli kallad n&#228;r man vill se l&#228;gre resursf&#246;rbrukning, f&#228;rre resor och ett enklare liv. Vi ska minsann inte backa, vi ska g&#229; fram&#229;t, kan man f&#229; h&#246;ra. Vanligtvis fr&#229;n m&#228;nniskor som tror att ny teknologi ska l&#246;sa alla v&#229;ra problem. Men det &#228;r inte fel att backa. Vi </span><em><span>m&#229;ste</span></em><span> ju backa. Som alltid n&#228;r man g&#229;tt in i en &#229;terv&#228;ndsgr&#228;nd. Vi kan backa f&#246;r att ta sats igen, i en ny och b&#228;ttre riktning.</span></p><p class="button-wrapper" data-attrs="{&quot;url&quot;:&quot;https://evalottahultn.substack.com/p/dansa-for-klimatet?utm_source=substack&utm_medium=email&utm_content=share&action=share&quot;,&quot;text&quot;:&quot;Share&quot;,&quot;action&quot;:null,&quot;class&quot;:null}" data-component-name="ButtonCreateButton"><a class="button primary" href="https://evalottahultn.substack.com/p/dansa-for-klimatet?utm_source=substack&utm_medium=email&utm_content=share&action=share"><span>Share</span></a></p><p><span>Jag vill inte tillbaka till sten&#229;ldern, och inte till medeltiden heller men resursf&#246;rbrukningsm&#228;ssigt kanske till 1960-talet. Det betyder inte att jag vill ha det som p&#229; 1960-talet. Jag gillar energi fr&#229;n sol och vind i st&#228;llet f&#246;r fr&#229;n kol och olja (&#228;ven om v&#229;r totala energif&#246;rbrukning m&#229;ste minska). Jag &#228;r djupt tacksam f&#246;r vetenskapliga framsteg inom medicin, biologi, psykologi och ekologi; f&#246;r preventivmedel, barnomsorg och v&#228;lisolerade hus. Att vi backar betyder inte att vi m&#229;ste l&#228;mna alla fynd vi gjort i &#229;terv&#228;ndsgr&#228;nden bakom oss. Vi kan b&#228;ra med oss en hel del n&#228;r vi tar n&#229;gra steg tillbaka och b&#246;rjar r&#246;ra oss ut mot de &#246;ppna vidderna.</span></p><p><em><strong><span>Att dansa fram en ny v&#228;rld</span></strong></em></p><p><span>Det &#228;r inte mer ny teknologi som kan r&#228;dda oss (&#228;ven om den i viss m&#229;n kan bidra). D&#228;remot &#228;r kultur en viktig del av l&#246;sningen</span><em><span>. </span></em><span>Litteratur, konst, musik, teater kr&#228;ver begr&#228;nsade resurser men ger oss stor gl&#228;dje, mening och gemenskap och kan dessutom f&#246;r&#228;ndra hur vi ser p&#229; v&#229;ra liv och vad som &#228;r v&#228;rdefullt och meningsfullt.</span></p><div class="pullquote"><p>&#8220;Det &#228;r tron p&#229; att vi kan l&#229;ta bli att f&#246;r&#228;ndras som &#228;r extrem.&#8221;</p></div><p><span>Att dansa som del i kampen f&#246;r klimat och biologisk m&#229;ngfald &#228;r i mitt fall n&#229;got jag g&#246;r f&#246;r att det ger mig gl&#228;dje och att d&#246;ma av andras reaktioner s&#229; verkar det smitta. Folk blir glada n&#228;r de ser oss och fler tar emot pamfletter och vill prata med oss n&#228;r vi dansar &#228;n om vi bara informerar rakt upp och ned.</span></p><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!bKmD!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F1da49df0-ad08-4eb6-b08e-f48042dec8da_1078x887.heic" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!bKmD!,w_424,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F1da49df0-ad08-4eb6-b08e-f48042dec8da_1078x887.heic 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!bKmD!,w_848,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F1da49df0-ad08-4eb6-b08e-f48042dec8da_1078x887.heic 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!bKmD!,w_1272,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F1da49df0-ad08-4eb6-b08e-f48042dec8da_1078x887.heic 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!bKmD!,w_1456,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F1da49df0-ad08-4eb6-b08e-f48042dec8da_1078x887.heic 1456w" sizes="100vw"><img src="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!bKmD!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F1da49df0-ad08-4eb6-b08e-f48042dec8da_1078x887.heic" width="1078" height="887" data-attrs="{&quot;src&quot;:&quot;https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/1da49df0-ad08-4eb6-b08e-f48042dec8da_1078x887.heic&quot;,&quot;srcNoWatermark&quot;:null,&quot;fullscreen&quot;:null,&quot;imageSize&quot;:null,&quot;height&quot;:887,&quot;width&quot;:1078,&quot;resizeWidth&quot;:null,&quot;bytes&quot;:125451,&quot;alt&quot;:null,&quot;title&quot;:null,&quot;type&quot;:&quot;image/heic&quot;,&quot;href&quot;:null,&quot;belowTheFold&quot;:true,&quot;topImage&quot;:false,&quot;internalRedirect&quot;:&quot;https://evalottahultn.substack.com/i/211538665?img=https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F1da49df0-ad08-4eb6-b08e-f48042dec8da_1078x887.heic&quot;,&quot;isProcessing&quot;:false,&quot;align&quot;:null,&quot;offset&quot;:false}" class="sizing-normal" alt="" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!bKmD!,w_424,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F1da49df0-ad08-4eb6-b08e-f48042dec8da_1078x887.heic 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!bKmD!,w_848,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F1da49df0-ad08-4eb6-b08e-f48042dec8da_1078x887.heic 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!bKmD!,w_1272,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F1da49df0-ad08-4eb6-b08e-f48042dec8da_1078x887.heic 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!bKmD!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F1da49df0-ad08-4eb6-b08e-f48042dec8da_1078x887.heic 1456w" sizes="100vw" loading="lazy"></picture><div class="image-link-expand"><div class="pencraft pc-display-flex pc-gap-8 pc-reset"><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container restack-image"><svg aria-hidden="true" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 20 20" fill="none" stroke-width="1.5" stroke="var(--color-fg-primary)" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><g><path d="M2.53001 7.81595C3.49179 4.73911 6.43281 2.5 9.91173 2.5C13.1684 2.5 15.9537 4.46214 17.0852 7.23684L17.6179 8.67647M17.6179 8.67647L18.5002 4.26471M17.6179 8.67647L13.6473 6.91176M17.4995 12.1841C16.5378 15.2609 13.5967 17.5 10.1178 17.5C6.86118 17.5 4.07589 15.5379 2.94432 12.7632L2.41165 11.3235M2.41165 11.3235L1.5293 15.7353M2.41165 11.3235L6.38224 13.0882"></path></g></svg></button><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container view-image"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-maximize2 lucide-maximize-2"><polyline points="15 3 21 3 21 9"></polyline><polyline points="9 21 3 21 3 15"></polyline><line x1="21" x2="14" y1="3" y2="10"></line><line x1="3" x2="10" y1="21" y2="14"></line></svg></button></div></div></div></a></figure></div><p><span>Min lilla dansgrupp dansar enligt devisen hellre &#228;n bra. Jag dansar allts&#229; inte p&#229; stan f&#246;r att jag tycker att jag &#228;r s&#229; bra p&#229; det utan f&#246;r att f&#246;rmedla f&#246;r&#228;ndringskraft och sprida kunskap. N&#228;r m&#228;nniskor engagerar sig och tar risker (i v&#229;rt fall att bli f&#246;rl&#246;jligade men ocks&#229; faktiskt hotade) </span><em><span>s&#229; att andra ser eller h&#246;r</span></em><span> s&#229; har det stor p&#229;verkan p&#229; deras f&#246;rm&#229;ga och vilja att f&#246;r&#228;ndras eller p&#229;verka. Aktivism &#228;r inte ett hot mot demokratin, det &#228;r r&#228;ddningen. S&#228;rskilt n&#228;r politikerna g&#229;r emot b&#229;de forskning, f&#246;rnuft och folkvilja. I en stor opinionsstudie uppgav 89 procent att de vill se en skarpare klimatpolitik.</span></p><p><span>Klimatupphettningen forts&#228;tter. Den biologiska m&#229;ngfalden minskar. &#197;rets torka och brand kommer leda till matkris och sv&#228;lt i delar av v&#228;rlden, med konflikter och flyktingstr&#246;mmar som f&#246;ljd.</span></p><p><span>Sex av nio planet&#228;ra gr&#228;nser &#228;r redan &#246;verskridna och ekonomin, som v&#229;ra politiker &#228;r s&#229; angel&#228;gna om att h&#229;lla i g&#229;ng att de s&#228;tter den f&#246;re allt annat, kommer krascha med besked, n&#228;r ekosystemen b&#246;rjar haverera p&#229; allvar. F&#246;r&#228;ndring m&#229;ste till, och det snabbt.</span></p><p><span>Jag hoppas vi blir tusentals och &#229;ter tusentals p&#229; klimatmanifestationen och klimatdemonstrationen i helgen!</span></p><p><a href="https://www.facebook.com/events/1678699813123306"><span>https://www.facebook.com/events/1678699813123306</span></a></p><p>https://24h.xrsv.se/</p><p><strong><a href="https://www.facebook.com/hashtag/24timmarf%C3%B6rklimatet?__cft__%5B0%5D=AZZUIhQmX0UEIgLwCrKJFDqCQ9JckvlTrg3iFeuel0ToxnWO--FAXntGId01zgGq5_lRjA5iYaq_Gq5K0IqcPN15HzsymCMisNXzm-CVgu5Cr7TthxzCUeORTHN_OdK4IjqKH1Jgd2QiBhtHfOQL-Jqv&amp;__tn__=*NK-R"><span>#24timmarf&#246;rklimatet</span></a></strong></p><p class="button-wrapper" data-attrs="{&quot;url&quot;:&quot;https://evalottahultn.substack.com/subscribe?&quot;,&quot;text&quot;:&quot;Subscribe now&quot;,&quot;action&quot;:null,&quot;class&quot;:null}" data-component-name="ButtonCreateButton"><a class="button primary" href="https://evalottahultn.substack.com/subscribe?"><span>Subscribe now</span></a></p><p></p><p></p><p></p>]]></content:encoded></item><item><title><![CDATA[Small is beautiful]]></title><description><![CDATA[Sometimes you are lucky enough to find a book where you want to underline almost every word. 'Small is beautiful' is one such.]]></description><link>https://evalottahultn.substack.com/p/small-is-beautiful</link><guid isPermaLink="false">https://evalottahultn.substack.com/p/small-is-beautiful</guid><dc:creator><![CDATA[Eva-Lotta Hultén]]></dc:creator><pubDate>Mon, 10 Aug 2026 12:37:43 GMT</pubDate><enclosure url="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!xuwI!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F1b068e19-6e99-44b0-84d4-9edc94018c12_2048x1536.heic" length="0" type="image/jpeg"/><content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>The author E.F. Schumacher moved from Germany to England in 1930 to study economics at Oxford. At the age of 22, he himself became a teacher of economics at Columbia University in New York. However, he did not stay for long because he wanted to get away from theorizing and acquire practical knowledge. He came to try life as a journalist, farmer and businessman. Later he returned to the academic world for a period, but his main work was as an advisor to governments around the world. He was also a prolific writer for several newspapers (for a period in his youth he also worked for the British National Coal Board, where he, if I got it right, advocated a transition from oil to coal as the main source of energy).</p><p>The book <em>Small is beautiful. Economics as if people mattered</em> was published in 1973. Schumacher was in his work inspired by John Maynard Keynes, but was also influenced by Buddhism, Mahatma Gandhi, Karl Marx, John Ruskin, etc., and by small-scale economics in many of the third world countries he visited.</p><p>In Small is beautiful he writes critically about how technology and economics have been allowed to steer our societies away from what is actually functional, from a human point of view. We confuse the concepts of <em>natural capital</em> and <em>income</em>, and thereby treat nature as if finite resources were infinite. We are estranged from nature and only value what we ourselves have created (here Schumacher is critical of Marx, who he believes falls into precisely that trap).</p><div class="pullquote"><p>&#8220;To the extent that economic thinking is based on the market, it takes the sacredness out of life, because there can be nothing sacred in something that has a price.&#8221;</p></div><p>Fossil fuels are just one of the natural resources that we handle recklessly as a result: &#8220;Fossil fuels are merely a part of the natural capital which we steadfastly insist on treating as expendable, as if it were income, and by no means the most important part. If we squander our fossil fuels, we threaten civilization; but if we squander the capital represented by living nature around us, we threaten life itself.&#8221;</p><p>What he is saying is that an activity can be counted as &#8220;economic&#8221; even though it wrecks the environment.</p><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!xuwI!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F1b068e19-6e99-44b0-84d4-9edc94018c12_2048x1536.heic" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!xuwI!,w_424,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F1b068e19-6e99-44b0-84d4-9edc94018c12_2048x1536.heic 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!xuwI!,w_848,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F1b068e19-6e99-44b0-84d4-9edc94018c12_2048x1536.heic 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!xuwI!,w_1272,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F1b068e19-6e99-44b0-84d4-9edc94018c12_2048x1536.heic 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!xuwI!,w_1456,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F1b068e19-6e99-44b0-84d4-9edc94018c12_2048x1536.heic 1456w" sizes="100vw"><img src="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!xuwI!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F1b068e19-6e99-44b0-84d4-9edc94018c12_2048x1536.heic" width="1456" height="1092" data-attrs="{&quot;src&quot;:&quot;https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/1b068e19-6e99-44b0-84d4-9edc94018c12_2048x1536.heic&quot;,&quot;srcNoWatermark&quot;:null,&quot;fullscreen&quot;:null,&quot;imageSize&quot;:null,&quot;height&quot;:1092,&quot;width&quot;:1456,&quot;resizeWidth&quot;:null,&quot;bytes&quot;:587882,&quot;alt&quot;:null,&quot;title&quot;:null,&quot;type&quot;:&quot;image/heic&quot;,&quot;href&quot;:null,&quot;belowTheFold&quot;:false,&quot;topImage&quot;:true,&quot;internalRedirect&quot;:&quot;https://evalottahultn.substack.com/i/210591319?img=https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F1b068e19-6e99-44b0-84d4-9edc94018c12_2048x1536.heic&quot;,&quot;isProcessing&quot;:false,&quot;align&quot;:null,&quot;offset&quot;:false}" class="sizing-normal" alt="" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!xuwI!,w_424,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F1b068e19-6e99-44b0-84d4-9edc94018c12_2048x1536.heic 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!xuwI!,w_848,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F1b068e19-6e99-44b0-84d4-9edc94018c12_2048x1536.heic 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!xuwI!,w_1272,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F1b068e19-6e99-44b0-84d4-9edc94018c12_2048x1536.heic 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!xuwI!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F1b068e19-6e99-44b0-84d4-9edc94018c12_2048x1536.heic 1456w" sizes="100vw" fetchpriority="high"></picture><div class="image-link-expand"><div class="pencraft pc-display-flex pc-gap-8 pc-reset"><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container restack-image"><svg aria-hidden="true" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 20 20" fill="none" stroke-width="1.5" stroke="var(--color-fg-primary)" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><g><path d="M2.53001 7.81595C3.49179 4.73911 6.43281 2.5 9.91173 2.5C13.1684 2.5 15.9537 4.46214 17.0852 7.23684L17.6179 8.67647M17.6179 8.67647L18.5002 4.26471M17.6179 8.67647L13.6473 6.91176M17.4995 12.1841C16.5378 15.2609 13.5967 17.5 10.1178 17.5C6.86118 17.5 4.07589 15.5379 2.94432 12.7632L2.41165 11.3235M2.41165 11.3235L1.5293 15.7353M2.41165 11.3235L6.38224 13.0882"></path></g></svg></button><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container view-image"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-maximize2 lucide-maximize-2"><polyline points="15 3 21 3 21 9"></polyline><polyline points="9 21 3 21 3 15"></polyline><line x1="21" x2="14" y1="3" y2="10"></line><line x1="3" x2="10" y1="21" y2="14"></line></svg></button></div></div></div></a></figure></div><p><em>Nature, not to be wrecked. A silver-washed fritillary (the butterfly) in seashore aster, close to where I live. </em></p><p>Economics, Schumacher writes, deals with goods in accordance with their market value and not in accordance with what they really are. All goods are treated the same. The same rules and criteria are applied to &#8220;primary goods&#8221;, which one has to win from nature, and &#8220;secondary goods&#8221;, which presuppose the existence of primary goods and are manufactured from them. This happens because the goal of our society is that of private profit making. it is inherent in the methodology of western economics to ignore man&#8217;s dependence on the natural world, writes Schumacher. &#8220;To the extent that economic thinking is based on the market, it takes the sacredness out of life, because there can be nothing sacred in something that has a price.&#8221; But since consumption is merely a means to human well-being, the aim should be to obtain the maximum of well-being with a minimum of consumption. Over-consumption is a form of violence in the world we live in.</p><p>The economic religion we live by has as its first commandment to behave economically and our desires are insatiable, Schumacher notes:</p><p>&#8220;There are poor societies which have too little; But where is the rich society that says: halt! We have enough? There is none.&#8221; And here I would like to add that we constantly confuse &#8220;need&#8221; and &#8220;desire&#8221;. We claim to &#8220;need&#8221; a lot of things, but almost always we should instead change the words we use and say it as it is, we don&#8217;t need, we desire. &#8220;Permanence is incompatible with the predatory attitude which rejoices in the fact that what were luxury&#8217;s for our fathers have become necessities for us&#8221;.&#8221;</p><p>The economy must serve people and nature, otherwise it is useless to us. We live our lives in small contexts, which is why economics and economic &#8220;science&#8221; need to adapt to them: &#8220;If economic thinking cannot grasp this it is useless. If it cannot get beyond its vast abstractions, the national income, the rate of growth, capital/output ratio, input-output analysis, labour mobility, capital accumulation; if it cannot get beyond all this and make contact with the human realities of poverty, frustration, alienation, despair, breakdown, crime, escapism, stress, congestion, ugliness and spiritual death, then let us scrap economics and start afresh. Are there not indeed enough signs of the times to indicate a new start is needed?&#8221;</p><p>The economy should serve man and nature, not the other way around.</p><p>Part of what Schumacher writes about has a direct bearing on technology development in AI today: He refers to Gandhi who used to talk disparagingly of dreaming of systems so perfect that no one will need to be good: &#8220;But is it not precisely this dream which we can now implement in reality with our marvelous powers of science and technology? Why ask for virtues, which man may never acquire, when scientific rationality and technical competence are all that is needed?&#8221; </p><p>We instrumentalize what cannot be instrumentalize without totally loosing its meaning. And here is another quote about our view of technology as a solution to most things, as well as to the problems that technology itself has created:</p><p>&#8220;The new problems are not the consequences of incidental failure but of technological success. Here again, however, many people will insist on discussing these matters solely in terms of optimism and pessimism, taking pride in their own optimism that science will find a way out. They could be right only, I suggest, if there is a conscious and fundamental change in the direction of scientific effort. The developments of science and technology over the last 100 years have been such that the dangers have grown even faster than the opportunities.&#8221;</p><div class="pullquote"><p>&#8220;More education can help us only if it produces more wisdom.&#8221;</p></div><p>We cannot solve the problems that technology has created with even more technology, but yet we are putting all our hopes to technological solutions, and will end up making even more damage to the natural systems we depend upon. It is the system that is the problem, and <em>nature</em> that is the solution.</p><p>We have built a society that is driven forward by greed and envy, says Schumacher. Our ever-increasing desires and wants are encouraged by the economic system and constitute an antithesis to wisdom, freedom and peace: &#8220;Every increase of needs tends to increase one&#8217;s dependence on outside forces over which one cannot have control, and therefore increases existential fear. Only by a reduction of needs can one promote a genuine reduction in those tensions which are the ultimate causes of strife and war.&#8221; </p><p>In other words: we need to get better at being satisfied with what we have.</p><p>Some more perfect one-liners (or two- to three-) from Small is beautiful:</p><p>&#8220;The richer the society, the more impossible it becomes to do worthwhile things without immediate payoff.&#8221;</p><p class="button-wrapper" data-attrs="{&quot;url&quot;:&quot;https://evalottahultn.substack.com/subscribe?&quot;,&quot;text&quot;:&quot;Subscribe now&quot;,&quot;action&quot;:null,&quot;class&quot;:null}" data-component-name="ButtonCreateButton"><a class="button primary" href="https://evalottahultn.substack.com/subscribe?"><span>Subscribe now</span></a></p><p>&#8220;At present there can be little doubt that the hole of mankind is in mortal danger, not because we are short of scientific and technological know-how, but because we tend to use it destructively, without wisdom. More education can help us only if it produces more wisdom.&#8221;</p><p>&#8220;in our time, the main danger to the soil, and therewith not only to agriculture but to civilization as a whole, stems from the townsman&#8217;s determination to supply to agriculture the principles of industry.&#8221;</p><p>&#8220;Health beauty and permanence are hardly even respectable subjects for discussion, and this is yet another example of the disregard of human values, and this means a disregard of man, which inevitably results from the idolatry of economism.&#8221;</p><p>&#8220;So this is the first question I suggest we have to face. Can we establish an ideology, or whatever you like to call it, which insists that the educated have taken upon themselves an obligation and have not simply acquired a passport to privilege?&#8221;</p><div class="pullquote"><p>&#8220;The right thing to do is what is right for the forest and the land.&#8221;</p></div><p>This summer I also read Kim Stanley Robinson&#8217;s <em>The ministry for the future</em>. It too left my hands with many underlines. I love how he gives voice to a multitude of people, animals, nature and phenomena. The atom gets its own voice, as does the market and the globe as such. I love how he tries to write out solutions and not just depict the misery that awaits if we don&#8217;t act.</p><p>We need more utopias that help us imagine a better world, not just dystopias that give us terrifying visions of the future. I don&#8217;t think Robinson is as good at one-liners as Schumacher but I appreciate a recurring phrase. With reference to Aldo Leopold, the actors in the book are driven by the motto &#8220;The right thing to do is what is right for the forest and the land.&#8221; Add &#8220;water&#8221; to that short list, and it says everything about how we should prioritize in politics going forward.</p><p class="button-wrapper" data-attrs="{&quot;url&quot;:&quot;https://evalottahultn.substack.com/p/small-is-beautiful?utm_source=substack&utm_medium=email&utm_content=share&action=share&quot;,&quot;text&quot;:&quot;Share&quot;,&quot;action&quot;:null,&quot;class&quot;:null}" data-component-name="ButtonCreateButton"><a class="button primary" href="https://evalottahultn.substack.com/p/small-is-beautiful?utm_source=substack&utm_medium=email&utm_content=share&action=share"><span>Share</span></a></p><p></p>]]></content:encoded></item><item><title><![CDATA[Det är vi som är 'helvetsarten']]></title><description><![CDATA[Medan ekprocessionsspinnaren g&#246;r s&#229; att det kliar d&#246;dar vi sj&#228;lva glatt tr&#228;d, blommor och hela ekosystem f&#246;r att uppr&#228;tth&#229;lla kortsiktiga ekonomiska vinster.]]></description><link>https://evalottahultn.substack.com/p/det-ar-vi-som-ar-helvetsarten</link><guid isPermaLink="false">https://evalottahultn.substack.com/p/det-ar-vi-som-ar-helvetsarten</guid><dc:creator><![CDATA[Eva-Lotta Hultén]]></dc:creator><pubDate>Fri, 31 Jul 2026 07:48:40 GMT</pubDate><enclosure url="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!A8gc!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fe511132f-d428-4fe6-83a2-e5072c4de813_2304x1728.jpeg" length="0" type="image/jpeg"/><content:encoded><![CDATA[<p><a href="https://www.dn.se/varlden/helveteslarven-dammsugs-och-branns-i-kopenhamn/">Helveteslarven&#8221; har nu hittats i K&#246;penhamn</a> och n&#228;rmar sig d&#228;rmed Sverige. Det &#228;r ekprocessionsspinnaren som p&#229; grund av mediernas sommartorka utsetts till ett allvarligt hot mot oss m&#228;nniskor. Och jo, det l&#229;ter ot&#228;ckt med kliande hudutslag och andn&#246;d, jag vill inte f&#246;rminska det. Men sedan tidigare har vi redan sl&#228;ktingen tallprocessionsspinnare p&#229; s&#246;dra Gotland. Den ger samma symtom, och besv&#228;ren &#228;r heller inte helt olika de som br&#228;nn&#228;sslor, br&#228;nnmaneter och cerkarier (som orsakar badkl&#229;da) kan ge. Andra insekter som kan ge besv&#228;rliga reaktioner &#228;r &#246;versv&#228;mningsmyggor och f&#228;stingar. Vi skulle kunna s&#228;tta epitetet &#8221;helvetes-&#8221; p&#229; en hel massa arter: helvetesgetingar, helvetesormar och invasiva helvetesplattmaskar (som inte sticks eller br&#228;nns men &#228;ter upp daggmaskar och kan orsaka gigantiska skador p&#229; v&#229;ra matjordar).</p><div class="pullquote"><p>Naturen &#228;r irriterande p&#229; m&#229;nga s&#228;tt och ibland rentav lite farlig. Men allra mest irriterande &#228;r m&#228;nniskans (och m&#228;nniskornas mediers) reaktioner p&#229; det som h&#228;nder d&#228;r.</p></div><p>Naturen &#228;r irriterande p&#229; m&#229;nga s&#228;tt och ibland rentav lite farlig. Men allra mest irriterande &#228;r m&#228;nniskans (och m&#228;nniskornas mediers) reaktioner p&#229; det som h&#228;nder d&#228;r. Det &#228;r s&#229; klart trist med ytterligare ett djur som br&#228;nns i v&#229;rt land och eftersom min tr&#228;dg&#229;rd r&#229;kar vara helt omgiven av ekar &#228;r jag glad s&#229; l&#228;nge ekprocessionsspinnaren stannar l&#228;ngre s&#246;derut &#8211; men jag kan &#228;nd&#229; inte tycka annat &#228;n att: 1. Det finns allvarligare problem och 2. vi som art f&#229;r vad vi f&#246;rtj&#228;nar.</p><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!A8gc!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fe511132f-d428-4fe6-83a2-e5072c4de813_2304x1728.jpeg" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!A8gc!,w_424,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fe511132f-d428-4fe6-83a2-e5072c4de813_2304x1728.jpeg 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!A8gc!,w_848,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fe511132f-d428-4fe6-83a2-e5072c4de813_2304x1728.jpeg 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!A8gc!,w_1272,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fe511132f-d428-4fe6-83a2-e5072c4de813_2304x1728.jpeg 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!A8gc!,w_1456,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fe511132f-d428-4fe6-83a2-e5072c4de813_2304x1728.jpeg 1456w" sizes="100vw"><img src="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!A8gc!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fe511132f-d428-4fe6-83a2-e5072c4de813_2304x1728.jpeg" width="1456" height="1092" 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srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!A8gc!,w_424,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fe511132f-d428-4fe6-83a2-e5072c4de813_2304x1728.jpeg 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!A8gc!,w_848,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fe511132f-d428-4fe6-83a2-e5072c4de813_2304x1728.jpeg 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!A8gc!,w_1272,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fe511132f-d428-4fe6-83a2-e5072c4de813_2304x1728.jpeg 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!A8gc!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fe511132f-d428-4fe6-83a2-e5072c4de813_2304x1728.jpeg 1456w" sizes="100vw" fetchpriority="high"></picture><div class="image-link-expand"><div class="pencraft pc-display-flex pc-gap-8 pc-reset"><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container restack-image"><svg aria-hidden="true" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 20 20" fill="none" stroke-width="1.5" stroke="var(--color-fg-primary)" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><g><path d="M2.53001 7.81595C3.49179 4.73911 6.43281 2.5 9.91173 2.5C13.1684 2.5 15.9537 4.46214 17.0852 7.23684L17.6179 8.67647M17.6179 8.67647L18.5002 4.26471M17.6179 8.67647L13.6473 6.91176M17.4995 12.1841C16.5378 15.2609 13.5967 17.5 10.1178 17.5C6.86118 17.5 4.07589 15.5379 2.94432 12.7632L2.41165 11.3235M2.41165 11.3235L1.5293 15.7353M2.41165 11.3235L6.38224 13.0882"></path></g></svg></button><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container view-image"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-maximize2 lucide-maximize-2"><polyline points="15 3 21 3 21 9"></polyline><polyline points="9 21 3 21 3 15"></polyline><line x1="21" x2="14" y1="3" y2="10"></line><line x1="3" x2="10" y1="21" y2="14"></line></svg></button></div></div></div></a></figure></div><p><em>                                                                                                                 Foto: Falko Seyffarth </em></p><p>Det varmare klimat som ekprocessionsspinnaren trivs i har vi fixat alldeles sj&#228;lva, och sannolikt har vi ocks&#229; hj&#228;lpt till med spridningen genom att skicka v&#228;xter kors och tv&#228;rs i Europa utan alltf&#246;r mycket regleringar. Internationell handel &#228;r ju s&#229; himla viktig f&#246;r tillv&#228;xten. Den ekonomiska allts&#229;. Den ekologiska &#228;r vi som vanligt inte lika bekymrade om, &#196;nd&#229; h&#228;nger de ihop. Bara bek&#228;mpningen av invasiva arter har av Artdatabanken ber&#228;knats kosta Sverige mellan en och fyra miljarder per &#229;r, (och det l&#228;r snabbt g&#229; upp&#229;t). Till det kommer &#246;kande kostnader f&#246;r &#246;versv&#228;mningar, stigande havsniv&#229;er, stormskador, &#246;verg&#246;dning, sk&#246;rdebortfall, infrastrukturskador och lite annat sm&#229;tt och gott som kan kopplas till transporter och &#246;verkonsumtion.</p><div class="pullquote"><p>Sannolikt har vi ocks&#229; hj&#228;lpt till med spridningen genom att skicka v&#228;xter kors och tv&#228;rs i Europa utan alltf&#246;r mycket regleringar. </p></div><p>Medan ekprocessionsspinnaren g&#246;r s&#229; att det kliar d&#246;dar vi sj&#228;lva glatt tr&#228;d, blommor och hela ekosystem f&#246;r att uppr&#228;tth&#229;lla kortsiktiga ekonomiska vinster. S&#229; l&#228;gg skulden d&#228;r skulden h&#246;r hemma. Inte hos en larv som bara larvar omkring, som larvar pl&#228;gar, utan hos den moderna m&#228;nniskan, den kanske s&#228;mst anpassade, mest egoistiska och dumma varelse som vandrat p&#229; denna jord. Nyliberalismen med sin totalt fartblinda ekonomism &#228;r v&#229;r religion. Vi lever nu med klimatf&#246;r&#228;ndringar och milj&#246;f&#246;rst&#246;ring och har samtidigt en alltmer instabil v&#228;rld att hantera. Vilket bland annat bidrar till att en matkris &#228;r under uppsegling.</p><p class="button-wrapper" data-attrs="{&quot;url&quot;:&quot;https://evalottahultn.substack.com/subscribe?&quot;,&quot;text&quot;:&quot;Subscribe now&quot;,&quot;action&quot;:null,&quot;class&quot;:null}" data-component-name="ButtonCreateButton"><a class="button primary" href="https://evalottahultn.substack.com/subscribe?"><span>Subscribe now</span></a></p><p>En stor del av v&#228;rldens konstg&#246;dsel fraktas genom Hormuzsundet. Eller <em>fraktades</em>, d&#229;. Vi kan st&#229; inf&#246;r sv&#228;ltkatastrofer i delar av v&#228;rlden i vinter och matbrist och h&#246;jda priser i andra men rapporterna om det &#228;r sparsamma i v&#229;ra medier. Att svenska sk&#246;rdar ser ut att bli mindre &#228;n p&#229; l&#228;nge framst&#228;lldes tragikomiskt nog nyligen av en reporter som ett <em>ekonomiskt</em> problem fr&#228;mst f&#246;r Sveriges b&#246;nder. Man hade ju kunnat hoppas att nyhetstorkan under sommarm&#229;naderna skulle leda till fler f&#246;rdjupande och f&#246;rklarande texter om till exempel v&#229;rt totala beroende av fungerande ekosystem, men nej.</p><p>Helvetesarten, det &#228;r vi, och ekprocessionsspinnaren &#228;r ett av v&#229;ra minsta problem.</p><p></p><p class="button-wrapper" data-attrs="{&quot;url&quot;:&quot;https://evalottahultn.substack.com/p/det-ar-vi-som-ar-helvetsarten?utm_source=substack&utm_medium=email&utm_content=share&action=share&quot;,&quot;text&quot;:&quot;Share&quot;,&quot;action&quot;:null,&quot;class&quot;:null}" data-component-name="ButtonCreateButton"><a class="button primary" href="https://evalottahultn.substack.com/p/det-ar-vi-som-ar-helvetsarten?utm_source=substack&utm_medium=email&utm_content=share&action=share"><span>Share</span></a></p><p></p>]]></content:encoded></item><item><title><![CDATA[Population growth is a pyramid scheme]]></title><description><![CDATA[We must have fewer people on earth in total, but preferably not fewer in any individual country. More people and more consumption are constantly needed to keep the economic machinery rolling.]]></description><link>https://evalottahultn.substack.com/p/population-growth-is-a-pyramid-scheme</link><guid isPermaLink="false">https://evalottahultn.substack.com/p/population-growth-is-a-pyramid-scheme</guid><dc:creator><![CDATA[Eva-Lotta Hultén]]></dc:creator><pubDate>Wed, 01 Jul 2026 08:52:03 GMT</pubDate><enclosure url="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!LwXs!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F23ef401b-b7f9-4480-ae7b-c789bff57a8a_960x721.png" length="0" type="image/jpeg"/><content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>The most selfish thing I have done has also helped to make me less selfish. I chose to have children despite my strong concerns about overpopulation, the climate crisis and collapsing ecosystems. My longing was so strong that it overwhelmed my anxiety. As everyone knows, being a parent is sometimes very demanding. It doesn&#8217;t leave much time to devote to projects on ones own. It has sometimes been frustrating, but at the same time my need for time alone has decreased. I have wanted to be close to my children, to live with, and support them. My own ambitions and worries shrank and became less important.</p><p>When I had my first child, I was sometimes told that I was now in a little bubble where the only thing that mattered was the child and me. On the contrary, my firstborn made me even more sensitive to what happened in the world around us. To suffering and injustice, environmental destruction and political instability. I wanted to protect not only my own child but all children; to secure all the environment and nature, not just the one closest to us.</p><p>But the fact that my children have made me more sensitive to the needs of both nature and other people does not change the fact that the decision to have them was the most selfish thing I have ever made. I did it for myself, not for the children and not for the world. Especially not for the world, because it does not need more people, but fewer.</p><div class="pullquote"><p>96 percent of the total mass of mammals in the world today consists of humans and our domesticated animals. If it had been, say, wildebeests who to the same degreee snatched away our common living space, we could easily see the absurd lopsided distribution.</p></div><p>We humans have filled the earth and subjugated it, just as the Bible demands. If the biblical god exists, then it is high time for him to send new instructions, otherwise there is a risk of ending up straight in hell for his chosen species. But despite the fact that the vulnerable situation we find ourselves in is largely due to our excessive wear and tear on the earth&#8217;s ecosystem, it is often presented as a problem that people choose childless lives.</p><p>How many people can the Earth sustain? I&#8217;m trying to find a number, but as with most things, it depends. As Joel E Cohen, a population scientist and professor of mathematical biology, puts it: &#8220;How many people the Earth can sustain depends on how many people wear cotton and how many wear polyester; how many eat beef and how many eat beans; how many want parking spaces and how many want parks; how many want jaguars with a capital letter, i.e. sports cars, and how many want jaguars with a lowercase initial, i.e. wild animals.</p><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!LwXs!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F23ef401b-b7f9-4480-ae7b-c789bff57a8a_960x721.png" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!LwXs!,w_424,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F23ef401b-b7f9-4480-ae7b-c789bff57a8a_960x721.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!LwXs!,w_848,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F23ef401b-b7f9-4480-ae7b-c789bff57a8a_960x721.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!LwXs!,w_1272,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F23ef401b-b7f9-4480-ae7b-c789bff57a8a_960x721.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!LwXs!,w_1456,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F23ef401b-b7f9-4480-ae7b-c789bff57a8a_960x721.png 1456w" sizes="100vw"><img src="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!LwXs!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F23ef401b-b7f9-4480-ae7b-c789bff57a8a_960x721.png" width="960" height="721" 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srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!LwXs!,w_424,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F23ef401b-b7f9-4480-ae7b-c789bff57a8a_960x721.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!LwXs!,w_848,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F23ef401b-b7f9-4480-ae7b-c789bff57a8a_960x721.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!LwXs!,w_1272,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F23ef401b-b7f9-4480-ae7b-c789bff57a8a_960x721.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!LwXs!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F23ef401b-b7f9-4480-ae7b-c789bff57a8a_960x721.png 1456w" sizes="100vw" fetchpriority="high"></picture><div class="image-link-expand"><div class="pencraft pc-display-flex pc-gap-8 pc-reset"><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container restack-image"><svg aria-hidden="true" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 20 20" fill="none" stroke-width="1.5" stroke="var(--color-fg-primary)" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><g><path d="M2.53001 7.81595C3.49179 4.73911 6.43281 2.5 9.91173 2.5C13.1684 2.5 15.9537 4.46214 17.0852 7.23684L17.6179 8.67647M17.6179 8.67647L18.5002 4.26471M17.6179 8.67647L13.6473 6.91176M17.4995 12.1841C16.5378 15.2609 13.5967 17.5 10.1178 17.5C6.86118 17.5 4.07589 15.5379 2.94432 12.7632L2.41165 11.3235M2.41165 11.3235L1.5293 15.7353M2.41165 11.3235L6.38224 13.0882"></path></g></svg></button><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container view-image"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-maximize2 lucide-maximize-2"><polyline points="15 3 21 3 21 9"></polyline><polyline points="9 21 3 21 3 15"></polyline><line x1="21" x2="14" y1="3" y2="10"></line><line x1="3" x2="10" y1="21" y2="14"></line></svg></button></div></div></div></a></figure></div><p>&#8221;</p><p>According to a study based on a standard of living equivalent to an average European, 3.1 billion people is a sustainable population on Earth. A couple of other studies also indicate figures of around three billion. In 2022 we reached eight billion and by 2045 we are estimated to have reached 10 billion.</p><p>There are always optimists who believe that we can become even more numerous if we simply switch to a vegetarian or genetically modified diet and an even more intensive use of land and forests. But the fact that there are more of us on a global level than is sustainable in the long term seems to be something that many can agree on. When the population of several individual countries has now actually started to decrease, it is still mainly presented as a problem. Japan, China, South Korea, Croatia, Bulgaria, Georgia and Lithuania are some of the nations that are seeing a rapidly decreasing population and many other countries are predicted to develop in the same way before the year 2050. How will they do?! How will they manage to reverse this &#8220;negative&#8221; trend?!, our media wonders.</p><p class="button-wrapper" data-attrs="{&quot;url&quot;:&quot;https://evalottahultn.substack.com/p/population-growth-is-a-pyramid-scheme?utm_source=substack&utm_medium=email&utm_content=share&action=share&quot;,&quot;text&quot;:&quot;Share&quot;,&quot;action&quot;:null,&quot;class&quot;:null}" data-component-name="ButtonCreateButton"><a class="button primary" href="https://evalottahultn.substack.com/p/population-growth-is-a-pyramid-scheme?utm_source=substack&utm_medium=email&utm_content=share&action=share"><span>Share</span></a></p><p>We must have fewer people on earth in total, but preferably not fewer in any individual country. We must use less of the earth&#8217;s resources but definitely have increased growth and an increasing population. We have constructed our society like a pyramid scheme. More people and more consumption are constantly needed to keep the machinery rolling.</p><p>For individual countries, a declining population clearly means difficulties when fewer and fewer people of working age have to care for and support an increasing proportion of the elderly. Declining economic growth has major negative social consequences in the short term when interest and pensions cannot be paid and banks collapse. But the overall risks to humanity with no doubt decrease with increased chances for nature to recover. After all, we are biological creatures in need of functioning interaction with our physical environment</p><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!Iu_d!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fce6e13a3-0276-4f0e-be0e-ed7fd733a6a5_987x832.png" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!Iu_d!,w_424,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fce6e13a3-0276-4f0e-be0e-ed7fd733a6a5_987x832.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!Iu_d!,w_848,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fce6e13a3-0276-4f0e-be0e-ed7fd733a6a5_987x832.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!Iu_d!,w_1272,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fce6e13a3-0276-4f0e-be0e-ed7fd733a6a5_987x832.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!Iu_d!,w_1456,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fce6e13a3-0276-4f0e-be0e-ed7fd733a6a5_987x832.png 1456w" sizes="100vw"><img src="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!Iu_d!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fce6e13a3-0276-4f0e-be0e-ed7fd733a6a5_987x832.png" width="987" height="832" data-attrs="{&quot;src&quot;:&quot;https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/ce6e13a3-0276-4f0e-be0e-ed7fd733a6a5_987x832.png&quot;,&quot;srcNoWatermark&quot;:null,&quot;fullscreen&quot;:null,&quot;imageSize&quot;:null,&quot;height&quot;:832,&quot;width&quot;:987,&quot;resizeWidth&quot;:null,&quot;bytes&quot;:143658,&quot;alt&quot;:null,&quot;title&quot;:null,&quot;type&quot;:&quot;image/png&quot;,&quot;href&quot;:null,&quot;belowTheFold&quot;:true,&quot;topImage&quot;:false,&quot;internalRedirect&quot;:&quot;https://evalottahultn.substack.com/i/204407044?img=https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fce6e13a3-0276-4f0e-be0e-ed7fd733a6a5_987x832.png&quot;,&quot;isProcessing&quot;:false,&quot;align&quot;:null,&quot;offset&quot;:false}" class="sizing-normal" alt="" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!Iu_d!,w_424,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fce6e13a3-0276-4f0e-be0e-ed7fd733a6a5_987x832.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!Iu_d!,w_848,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fce6e13a3-0276-4f0e-be0e-ed7fd733a6a5_987x832.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!Iu_d!,w_1272,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fce6e13a3-0276-4f0e-be0e-ed7fd733a6a5_987x832.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!Iu_d!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fce6e13a3-0276-4f0e-be0e-ed7fd733a6a5_987x832.png 1456w" sizes="100vw" loading="lazy"></picture><div class="image-link-expand"><div class="pencraft pc-display-flex pc-gap-8 pc-reset"><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container restack-image"><svg aria-hidden="true" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 20 20" fill="none" stroke-width="1.5" stroke="var(--color-fg-primary)" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><g><path d="M2.53001 7.81595C3.49179 4.73911 6.43281 2.5 9.91173 2.5C13.1684 2.5 15.9537 4.46214 17.0852 7.23684L17.6179 8.67647M17.6179 8.67647L18.5002 4.26471M17.6179 8.67647L13.6473 6.91176M17.4995 12.1841C16.5378 15.2609 13.5967 17.5 10.1178 17.5C6.86118 17.5 4.07589 15.5379 2.94432 12.7632L2.41165 11.3235M2.41165 11.3235L1.5293 15.7353M2.41165 11.3235L6.38224 13.0882"></path></g></svg></button><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container view-image"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-maximize2 lucide-maximize-2"><polyline points="15 3 21 3 21 9"></polyline><polyline points="9 21 3 21 3 15"></polyline><line x1="21" x2="14" y1="3" y2="10"></line><line x1="3" x2="10" y1="21" y2="14"></line></svg></button></div></div></div></a></figure></div><p>When people live as hunters and gatherers, they tend to keep their group size relatively constant. Do we have a collective intelligence that tells us not to let the size of the group get out of hand? When we live close to nature, in interaction with it instead of as its imagined rulers, it is perhaps easier for us to see the whole and respect the right of all other lifeforms right to space. In the animist religions that hunters and gatherers live with, humans are not seen as more important than any other species. Animals and plants are human relatives and deserve respect, space and cooperation.</p><p>I probably wouldn&#8217;t have had any children if I had made the choise today because I can see with my own eyes the hard pressure earth&#8217;s ecosystems are under; and because the research I have seen is extremely clear. We are taking too much of the Earth&#8217;s resources, emitting too many greenhouse gases and toxins and overexploiting ecosystems both on land and at sea. If we don&#8217;t quickly change the way we relate to and use our surroundings, great turbulence and many hardships await. Life for our species risks becoming vulnerable and difficult. Choosing to avoid having children in order to continue uninhibited shopping and flying is therefore also not sustainable. We must all take responsibility for giving future generations a chance at decent lives, regardless of whether they are our own offspring or not.</p><p class="button-wrapper" data-attrs="{&quot;url&quot;:&quot;https://evalottahultn.substack.com/subscribe?&quot;,&quot;text&quot;:&quot;Subscribe now&quot;,&quot;action&quot;:null,&quot;class&quot;:null}" data-component-name="ButtonCreateButton"><a class="button primary" href="https://evalottahultn.substack.com/subscribe?"><span>Subscribe now</span></a></p><p></p><p>Those who are outraged that young people are choosing to avoid having children seem to see it as a duty to maintain the pyramid scheme. How else will the economy fare? Everyone realizes that the system must collapse at some point, but can&#8217;t we just feed it a little longer?</p><p>I have several young people close to me who have already decided not to have children or who are very hesitant. Not because they are self-absorbed lazy people who want to fulfill themselves, take weekend trips and afford to shop, but because they are aware of the climate and environmental crises. They don&#8217;t fly, consume moderately, are vegetarians, get involved in activism for the environment and social justice. It&#8217;s not selfishness. It&#8217;s choosing to abandon the pyramid scheme economy in favor of the pyramid time. The Egyptian tombs have stood for thousands of years. Looking at the world and our interference with it with such time horizons makes it possible to plan so that what we do today will be sustainable even thousands of years into the future.</p>]]></content:encoded></item><item><title><![CDATA[Dags att odla sin trädgård]]></title><description><![CDATA[De flesta av oss tar nog f&#246;r givet att vi inte kan drabbas n&#229;got s&#229; omodernt som matbrist i Sverige men i &#229;r riskerar matsystemen p&#229; global niv&#229; att drabbas av en perfekt storm.]]></description><link>https://evalottahultn.substack.com/p/dags-att-odla-sin-tradgard</link><guid isPermaLink="false">https://evalottahultn.substack.com/p/dags-att-odla-sin-tradgard</guid><dc:creator><![CDATA[Eva-Lotta Hultén]]></dc:creator><pubDate>Mon, 08 Jun 2026 14:16:16 GMT</pubDate><enclosure url="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!AqhK!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F8e00d463-9f30-452e-a685-9ccee008fe8b_1536x2048.heic" length="0" type="image/jpeg"/><content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Eftersom jag &#228;r en b&#229;de neurotisk och p&#229;l&#228;st m&#228;nniska s&#229; har jag i 30 &#229;r odlat mat &#229;t min familj. Jag har inga planer p&#229; att bli tr&#228;dg&#229;rdsbloggare &#8211; det finns redan s&#229; m&#229;nga bra &#8211; men h&#228;r &#228;r i all fall mitt bidrag f&#246;r att f&#229; m&#228;nniskor att ta st&#246;rre ansvar f&#246;r matf&#246;rs&#246;rjningen genom att odla mer. Denna text <a href="https://www.dn.se/kultur/eva-lotta-hulten-dags-att-odla-upp-grasmattan-om-du-ska-fa-mat-i-sommar/">publicerades i DN</a> h&#228;romveckan och kan ocks&#229; l&#228;sas p&#229; deras webb.</p><p></p><p>Vad t&#228;nker du g&#246;ra i sommar? Jag kan rekommendera att b&#246;rja odla.</p><p>Runt en tredjedel av v&#228;rldens konstg&#246;dsel skeppas normalt ut via Hormuzsundet. Blockaden minskar allts&#229; kraftigt v&#228;rldens tillg&#229;ng till g&#246;dning. L&#228;get f&#246;rm&#246;rkas ytterligare av att vi tycks st&#229; inf&#246;r en ovanligt stark variant av v&#228;derfenomenet El Ni&#241;o i &#229;r, vilket inneb&#228;r omfattande p&#229;verkan p&#229; sk&#246;rdar &#246;ver stora delar av jorden.</p><p>De flesta av oss tar nog f&#246;r givet att vi inte kan drabbas n&#229;got s&#229; omodernt som matbrist i Sverige men i &#229;r riskerar matsystemen p&#229; global niv&#229; att drabbas av en perfekt storm. Det l&#228;r vi k&#228;nna av &#228;ven h&#228;r, b&#229;de i form av h&#246;ga livsmedelspriser och i ren brist. L&#229;t oss se det som ett wake up call.</p><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!Ixid!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F1a55475b-0acb-4634-8c1a-2c636a08258d_1536x2048.heic" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!Ixid!,w_424,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F1a55475b-0acb-4634-8c1a-2c636a08258d_1536x2048.heic 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!Ixid!,w_848,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F1a55475b-0acb-4634-8c1a-2c636a08258d_1536x2048.heic 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!Ixid!,w_1272,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F1a55475b-0acb-4634-8c1a-2c636a08258d_1536x2048.heic 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!Ixid!,w_1456,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F1a55475b-0acb-4634-8c1a-2c636a08258d_1536x2048.heic 1456w" sizes="100vw"><img src="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!Ixid!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F1a55475b-0acb-4634-8c1a-2c636a08258d_1536x2048.heic" width="1456" height="1941" data-attrs="{&quot;src&quot;:&quot;https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/1a55475b-0acb-4634-8c1a-2c636a08258d_1536x2048.heic&quot;,&quot;srcNoWatermark&quot;:null,&quot;fullscreen&quot;:null,&quot;imageSize&quot;:null,&quot;height&quot;:1941,&quot;width&quot;:1456,&quot;resizeWidth&quot;:null,&quot;bytes&quot;:475287,&quot;alt&quot;:null,&quot;title&quot;:null,&quot;type&quot;:&quot;image/heic&quot;,&quot;href&quot;:null,&quot;belowTheFold&quot;:false,&quot;topImage&quot;:true,&quot;internalRedirect&quot;:&quot;https://evalottahultn.substack.com/i/201148651?img=https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F1a55475b-0acb-4634-8c1a-2c636a08258d_1536x2048.heic&quot;,&quot;isProcessing&quot;:false,&quot;align&quot;:null,&quot;offset&quot;:false}" class="sizing-normal" alt="" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!Ixid!,w_424,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F1a55475b-0acb-4634-8c1a-2c636a08258d_1536x2048.heic 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!Ixid!,w_848,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F1a55475b-0acb-4634-8c1a-2c636a08258d_1536x2048.heic 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!Ixid!,w_1272,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F1a55475b-0acb-4634-8c1a-2c636a08258d_1536x2048.heic 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!Ixid!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F1a55475b-0acb-4634-8c1a-2c636a08258d_1536x2048.heic 1456w" sizes="100vw" fetchpriority="high"></picture><div class="image-link-expand"><div class="pencraft pc-display-flex pc-gap-8 pc-reset"><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container restack-image"><svg aria-hidden="true" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 20 20" fill="none" stroke-width="1.5" stroke="var(--color-fg-primary)" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><g><path d="M2.53001 7.81595C3.49179 4.73911 6.43281 2.5 9.91173 2.5C13.1684 2.5 15.9537 4.46214 17.0852 7.23684L17.6179 8.67647M17.6179 8.67647L18.5002 4.26471M17.6179 8.67647L13.6473 6.91176M17.4995 12.1841C16.5378 15.2609 13.5967 17.5 10.1178 17.5C6.86118 17.5 4.07589 15.5379 2.94432 12.7632L2.41165 11.3235M2.41165 11.3235L1.5293 15.7353M2.41165 11.3235L6.38224 13.0882"></path></g></svg></button><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container view-image"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-maximize2 lucide-maximize-2"><polyline points="15 3 21 3 21 9"></polyline><polyline points="9 21 3 21 3 15"></polyline><line x1="21" x2="14" y1="3" y2="10"></line><line x1="3" x2="10" y1="21" y2="14"></line></svg></button></div></div></div></a></figure></div><p><em>Druvklasar p&#229; g&#229;ng i mitt v&#228;xthus.</em></p><p>I vintras fick en brittisk underr&#228;ttelserapport viss uppm&#228;rksamhet i svenska medier. Den varnade f&#246;r stora ekosystemkollapser inom fem &#229;r med missv&#228;xt och stora konflikter om mat, vatten och energi. Svenska FOI gjorde redan 2023 ett PM p&#229; samma tema, d&#228;r de slog fast att ett troligt scenario om vi forts&#228;tter p&#229; v&#229;rt inslagna klimatsp&#229;r &#228;r &#8221;en s&#246;ndrad v&#228;rld, d&#228;r civilisationskollaps &#228;r vidare spridd globalt medan vissa regioner fortfarande uppr&#228;tth&#229;ller stabilitet, dock med sv&#229;righeter som kronisk vatten- och livsmedelsbrist&#8221;.</p><p>Kommer Sverige klara att f&#246;rse alla inv&#229;nare med tillr&#228;ckligt med mat till &#246;verkomliga priser, om blockaden i Hormuz forts&#228;tter, och om El Ni&#241;o sl&#229;r ut sk&#246;rdar runt om i v&#228;rlden? Detta kan bli v&#229;r chans till generalrepetition inf&#246;r vad som snart kan vara det nya normala.</p><p>Beskeden om hur det st&#229;r till med Sveriges matberedskap skiftar. Somliga h&#228;vdar att vi kan vara lugna eftersom vi har gott om till exempel spannm&#229;l, socker, raps, &#228;gg och mor&#246;tter (som n&#229;gon p&#229;pekat: hurra &#8211; vi kan baka morotskaka!). Men sanningen &#228;r att vi &#228;r l&#229;ngt ifr&#229;n sj&#228;lvf&#246;rs&#246;rjande eftersom v&#229;rt s&#228;tt att producera mat kr&#228;ver stora m&#228;ngder importerad konstg&#246;dsel, pesticider och maskiner som i sin tur kr&#228;ver importerat br&#228;nsle. Att det f&#246;rra &#229;ret v&#228;xte massor av raps i Sk&#229;ne hj&#228;lper oss f&#246;ga om vi i &#229;r varken kan g&#246;dsla eller sk&#246;rda den. V&#229;rt matintag skulle inte bara riskera att bli erbarmligt enformigt utan ocks&#229; f&#246;r l&#229;gt. S&#228;rskilt problematiskt &#228;r det s&#229; klart om det dessutom blir en torrsommar som den 2018. Grundvattenniv&#229;n &#228;r redan mycket under det normala i stora delar av s&#246;dra Sverige d&#228;r merparten av v&#229;r mat produceras.</p><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!AqhK!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F8e00d463-9f30-452e-a685-9ccee008fe8b_1536x2048.heic" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!AqhK!,w_424,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F8e00d463-9f30-452e-a685-9ccee008fe8b_1536x2048.heic 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!AqhK!,w_848,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F8e00d463-9f30-452e-a685-9ccee008fe8b_1536x2048.heic 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!AqhK!,w_1272,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F8e00d463-9f30-452e-a685-9ccee008fe8b_1536x2048.heic 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!AqhK!,w_1456,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F8e00d463-9f30-452e-a685-9ccee008fe8b_1536x2048.heic 1456w" sizes="100vw"><img src="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!AqhK!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F8e00d463-9f30-452e-a685-9ccee008fe8b_1536x2048.heic" width="1456" height="1941" 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srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!AqhK!,w_424,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F8e00d463-9f30-452e-a685-9ccee008fe8b_1536x2048.heic 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!AqhK!,w_848,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F8e00d463-9f30-452e-a685-9ccee008fe8b_1536x2048.heic 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!AqhK!,w_1272,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F8e00d463-9f30-452e-a685-9ccee008fe8b_1536x2048.heic 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!AqhK!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F8e00d463-9f30-452e-a685-9ccee008fe8b_1536x2048.heic 1456w" sizes="100vw" loading="lazy"></picture><div class="image-link-expand"><div class="pencraft pc-display-flex pc-gap-8 pc-reset"><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container restack-image"><svg aria-hidden="true" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 20 20" fill="none" stroke-width="1.5" stroke="var(--color-fg-primary)" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><g><path d="M2.53001 7.81595C3.49179 4.73911 6.43281 2.5 9.91173 2.5C13.1684 2.5 15.9537 4.46214 17.0852 7.23684L17.6179 8.67647M17.6179 8.67647L18.5002 4.26471M17.6179 8.67647L13.6473 6.91176M17.4995 12.1841C16.5378 15.2609 13.5967 17.5 10.1178 17.5C6.86118 17.5 4.07589 15.5379 2.94432 12.7632L2.41165 11.3235M2.41165 11.3235L1.5293 15.7353M2.41165 11.3235L6.38224 13.0882"></path></g></svg></button><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container view-image"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-maximize2 lucide-maximize-2"><polyline points="15 3 21 3 21 9"></polyline><polyline points="9 21 3 21 3 15"></polyline><line x1="21" x2="14" y1="3" y2="10"></line><line x1="3" x2="10" y1="21" y2="14"></line></svg></button></div></div></div></a></figure></div><p><em>Ett &#228;ppeltr&#228;d spaljerat mot h&#246;nshusv&#228;ggen.</em></p><p>Under f&#246;rsta v&#228;rldskriget kunde kolonitr&#228;dg&#229;rdarna motverka matbrist. Odlingsytor &#246;ppnades ocks&#229; i allm&#228;nna parker och aktivister f&#246;rs&#246;kte f&#229; fler att ta till spaden genom uppmaningar som &#8221;Odla i v&#229;r, slipper ni sv&#228;lt i h&#246;st&#8221; och &#8221;Alla odla potatis utom de tr&#229;kiga&#8221; (kanske inte den b&#228;sta kampanjslogan jag h&#246;rt).</p><div class="pullquote"><p>&#8221;Alla odla potatis utom de tr&#229;kiga.&#8221;</p></div><p>N&#228;r nu s&#229;v&#228;l klimatet som samh&#228;llsordningen &#228;r i gungning &#228;r det &#229;ter dags att fundera &#246;ver hur vi kan bidra till matf&#246;rs&#246;rjningen. M&#229;nga har redan b&#246;rjat. Siffror fr&#229;n en unders&#246;kning best&#228;lld av Fritidsodlingens riksorganisation (FOR) visar ett &#246;kande intresse f&#246;r odling f&#246;r egen konsumtion. Av dem som redan h&#229;llit p&#229; ett tag har 33 procent gjort arealen st&#246;rre de senaste tio &#229;ren. Drygt var fj&#228;rde av dem anger klimatkrisen som sk&#228;l. M&#229;nga andra listar oro f&#246;r krig och konflikter.</p><p>Idag finns 30 000 hektar tr&#228;dg&#229;rdsyta som &#228;r bevuxen med frukttr&#228;d, b&#228;rbuskar och k&#246;ksv&#228;xter och de har potential att ge oss 700 000 ton gr&#246;dor. Men den totala gr&#246;nytan i v&#229;ra tr&#228;dg&#229;rdar &#228;r hela 275 000 hektar. Enligt SLU utg&#246;r dessa en viktig reservyta f&#246;r livsmedelsproduktion. Vi kan allts&#229; gl&#228;djas &#229;t att det i Sverige &#228;r s&#229; gott om gr&#228;smattor som hyfsat l&#228;tt kan omvandlas till gr&#246;nsaksland. Och ocks&#229; gott om m&#228;nniskor med i alla fall basala kunskaper om odling. Drygt h&#228;lften av Sveriges befolkning bidrar med n&#229;got &#228;tbart till det egna hush&#229;llet. M&#228;nniskor s&#229;r och sk&#246;rdar runt sina hus, p&#229; jordlotter eller i stadens gemensamma rum &#8211; ibland med de styrandes v&#228;lsignelse, ibland i form av gerillaodling p&#229; eget initiativ. Olika r&#246;relser f&#246;r sj&#228;lvhush&#229;llning och lokal resiliens formas och kunskap delas tillsammans med fr&#246;er och sticklingar</p><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!bMLg!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fe9e1fa19-86ad-4a17-a982-3d6d70495217_1880x2029.jpeg" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!bMLg!,w_424,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fe9e1fa19-86ad-4a17-a982-3d6d70495217_1880x2029.jpeg 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!bMLg!,w_848,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fe9e1fa19-86ad-4a17-a982-3d6d70495217_1880x2029.jpeg 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!bMLg!,w_1272,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fe9e1fa19-86ad-4a17-a982-3d6d70495217_1880x2029.jpeg 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!bMLg!,w_1456,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fe9e1fa19-86ad-4a17-a982-3d6d70495217_1880x2029.jpeg 1456w" sizes="100vw"><img src="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!bMLg!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fe9e1fa19-86ad-4a17-a982-3d6d70495217_1880x2029.jpeg" width="1880" height="2029" 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srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!bMLg!,w_424,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fe9e1fa19-86ad-4a17-a982-3d6d70495217_1880x2029.jpeg 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!bMLg!,w_848,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fe9e1fa19-86ad-4a17-a982-3d6d70495217_1880x2029.jpeg 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!bMLg!,w_1272,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fe9e1fa19-86ad-4a17-a982-3d6d70495217_1880x2029.jpeg 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!bMLg!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fe9e1fa19-86ad-4a17-a982-3d6d70495217_1880x2029.jpeg 1456w" sizes="100vw" loading="lazy"></picture><div class="image-link-expand"><div class="pencraft pc-display-flex pc-gap-8 pc-reset"><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container restack-image"><svg aria-hidden="true" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 20 20" fill="none" stroke-width="1.5" stroke="var(--color-fg-primary)" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><g><path d="M2.53001 7.81595C3.49179 4.73911 6.43281 2.5 9.91173 2.5C13.1684 2.5 15.9537 4.46214 17.0852 7.23684L17.6179 8.67647M17.6179 8.67647L18.5002 4.26471M17.6179 8.67647L13.6473 6.91176M17.4995 12.1841C16.5378 15.2609 13.5967 17.5 10.1178 17.5C6.86118 17.5 4.07589 15.5379 2.94432 12.7632L2.41165 11.3235M2.41165 11.3235L1.5293 15.7353M2.41165 11.3235L6.38224 13.0882"></path></g></svg></button><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container view-image"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-maximize2 lucide-maximize-2"><polyline points="15 3 21 3 21 9"></polyline><polyline points="9 21 3 21 3 15"></polyline><line x1="21" x2="14" y1="3" y2="10"></line><line x1="3" x2="10" y1="21" y2="14"></line></svg></button></div></div></div></a></figure></div><p><em>B&#229;de blad och blommor av krasse g&#229;r att &#228;ta.</em></p><p>F&#246;r den som beh&#246;ver l&#228;ra sig mer finns inte bara grannar att fr&#229;ga utan gott om bra b&#246;cker om odling och sj&#228;lvf&#246;rs&#246;rjning, som paret Mandelmanns <em>Sj&#228;lvf&#246;rs&#246;rjning p&#229; Djupadal</em>, Anders Rydells och Alva Herdevalls <em>Modern sj&#228;lvhush&#229;llning</em> eller Johanna Hj&#228;rtfors nyutkomna <em>Beredskapsodling</em>. Sara B&#228;ckmo inspirerar och folkbildar med bloggen <em>Skillnadens tr&#228;dg&#229;rd</em>. Maja Bredbergs <em>Till v&#228;xten</em> och David Jonstads <em>Meningen med landet</em> &#228;r tv&#229; fina b&#246;cker som ocks&#229; f&#246;rklarar f&#246;r oss <em>varf&#246;r</em> vi b&#246;r b&#246;rja odla. Jag vill &#228;ven lyfta fram tidskriften <em>&#197;ter</em>, som samlar och sprider kunskap om allt som har med sj&#228;lvf&#246;rs&#246;rjning att g&#246;ra: odling, verktygsmakeri, att ta egna fr&#246;er och sticklingar, mathantering, djursk&#246;tsel och mycket mer.</p><p class="button-wrapper" data-attrs="{&quot;url&quot;:&quot;https://evalottahultn.substack.com/subscribe?&quot;,&quot;text&quot;:&quot;Subscribe now&quot;,&quot;action&quot;:null,&quot;class&quot;:&quot;button-wrapper&quot;}" data-component-name="ButtonCreateButton"><a class="button primary button-wrapper" href="https://evalottahultn.substack.com/subscribe?"><span>Subscribe now</span></a></p><p>Detta kan bli sommaren d&#229; du slutar memorera sportresultat och knarka TV-serier och i st&#228;llet l&#228;ser p&#229; om potatisodling och hur man mj&#246;lksyrar gr&#246;nsaker. F&#246;r att sedan k&#246;ra en v&#228;nda g&#246;dsel fr&#229;n n&#228;rmsta stall och stoppa h&#228;nderna i jorden. Det &#228;r tid att odla sin tr&#228;dg&#229;rd.</p><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!1Qqd!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F9b945378-1b47-4a43-bfb1-913983da609b_1536x1506.jpeg" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!1Qqd!,w_424,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F9b945378-1b47-4a43-bfb1-913983da609b_1536x1506.jpeg 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!1Qqd!,w_848,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F9b945378-1b47-4a43-bfb1-913983da609b_1536x1506.jpeg 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!1Qqd!,w_1272,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F9b945378-1b47-4a43-bfb1-913983da609b_1536x1506.jpeg 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!1Qqd!,w_1456,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F9b945378-1b47-4a43-bfb1-913983da609b_1536x1506.jpeg 1456w" sizes="100vw"><img src="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!1Qqd!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F9b945378-1b47-4a43-bfb1-913983da609b_1536x1506.jpeg" width="1536" height="1506" 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srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!1Qqd!,w_424,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F9b945378-1b47-4a43-bfb1-913983da609b_1536x1506.jpeg 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!1Qqd!,w_848,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F9b945378-1b47-4a43-bfb1-913983da609b_1536x1506.jpeg 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!1Qqd!,w_1272,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F9b945378-1b47-4a43-bfb1-913983da609b_1536x1506.jpeg 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!1Qqd!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F9b945378-1b47-4a43-bfb1-913983da609b_1536x1506.jpeg 1456w" sizes="100vw" loading="lazy"></picture><div class="image-link-expand"><div class="pencraft pc-display-flex pc-gap-8 pc-reset"><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container restack-image"><svg aria-hidden="true" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 20 20" fill="none" stroke-width="1.5" stroke="var(--color-fg-primary)" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><g><path d="M2.53001 7.81595C3.49179 4.73911 6.43281 2.5 9.91173 2.5C13.1684 2.5 15.9537 4.46214 17.0852 7.23684L17.6179 8.67647M17.6179 8.67647L18.5002 4.26471M17.6179 8.67647L13.6473 6.91176M17.4995 12.1841C16.5378 15.2609 13.5967 17.5 10.1178 17.5C6.86118 17.5 4.07589 15.5379 2.94432 12.7632L2.41165 11.3235M2.41165 11.3235L1.5293 15.7353M2.41165 11.3235L6.38224 13.0882"></path></g></svg></button><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container view-image"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-maximize2 lucide-maximize-2"><polyline points="15 3 21 3 21 9"></polyline><polyline points="9 21 3 21 3 15"></polyline><line x1="21" x2="14" y1="3" y2="10"></line><line x1="3" x2="10" y1="21" y2="14"></line></svg></button></div></div></div></a></figure></div><p><em>Lite av sk&#246;rden fr&#229;n min tr&#228;dg&#229;rd en oktoberdag.</em></p>]]></content:encoded></item><item><title><![CDATA[Kan lavar vara nyfikna?]]></title><description><![CDATA[Om m&#228;nniskor kan &#8221;rota sig&#8221; och &#8221;blomstra&#8221; s&#229; borde tr&#228;d kunna &#8221;minnas&#8221; och blommor kunna &#8221;kommunicera&#8221;. Intelligens och medvetande kan komma i m&#229;nga former.]]></description><link>https://evalottahultn.substack.com/p/kan-lavar-vara-nyfikna</link><guid isPermaLink="false">https://evalottahultn.substack.com/p/kan-lavar-vara-nyfikna</guid><dc:creator><![CDATA[Eva-Lotta Hultén]]></dc:creator><pubDate>Mon, 25 May 2026 10:54:32 GMT</pubDate><enclosure url="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!eb6v!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fc50abcfc-3793-49b8-ac05-0f1774050714_420x641.heic" length="0" type="image/jpeg"/><content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Vi har studerat liv p&#229; alla niv&#229;er vetenskapligt men medan det finns enormt mycket forskning kring hur det &#228;r att vara m&#228;nniska, s&#229; finns allt f&#228;rre studier om upplevelsen att <em>vara</em>, ju l&#228;ngre ner i den f&#246;rest&#228;llda hierarkin vi kommer. Det har inte ansetts vetenskapligt relevant hur tr&#228;d, myror eller bakterier upplever sina liv. L&#228;nge h&#228;vdade vetenskapen rentav att m&#229;nga djur inte kunde k&#228;nna. Det vi uppfattade som k&#228;nsloyttringar var bara v&#229;r egen tolkning av automatiserade beteenden som byggde p&#229; instinkt. Ett tag sa vi samma sak om sp&#228;dbarn, som d&#228;rf&#246;r opererades utan bed&#246;vning.</p><p>Jag tror att man m&#229;ste vara totalt alienerad fr&#229;n den fysiska verkligheten f&#246;r att inte uppfatta att djur (eller sp&#228;dbarn) har f&#246;rm&#229;ga att k&#228;nna. Inst&#228;ngd och avsk&#228;rmad i &#246;vertygelsen att den vuxna m&#228;nniskan st&#229;r &#246;ver allt annat; emotionellt skadad av den inbillade rationalitet som s&#228;ger att det levande kan j&#228;mst&#228;llas med maskiner.</p><p>Det finns likheter och det finns skillnader mellan djuret m&#228;nniska och det levande av andra grupperingar. Vi kan b&#229;de g&#246;ra j&#228;mf&#246;relser med det vi k&#228;nner igen <em>och</em> vara &#246;ppna f&#246;r att det vi m&#246;ter &#228;r helt nytt och fr&#228;mmande. B&#229;de anv&#228;nda v&#228;lbekanta ord fr&#229;n v&#229;r m&#228;nskliga v&#228;rld och s&#246;ka oss till begrepp som visar p&#229; det annorlunda i v&#228;xternas och svamparnas riken. Om m&#228;nniskor kan &#8221;rota sig&#8221; och &#8221;blomstra&#8221; s&#229; borde tr&#228;d kunna &#8221;minnas&#8221; och blommor kunna &#8221;kommunicera&#8221;. Intelligens och medvetande kan se olika ut. F&#246;r att fullt ut f&#246;rst&#229; det kr&#228;vs inte bara intelligens utan ocks&#229; &#246;ppenhet hos oss.</p><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!eb6v!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fc50abcfc-3793-49b8-ac05-0f1774050714_420x641.heic" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!eb6v!,w_424,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fc50abcfc-3793-49b8-ac05-0f1774050714_420x641.heic 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!eb6v!,w_848,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fc50abcfc-3793-49b8-ac05-0f1774050714_420x641.heic 848w, 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class="pencraft pc-display-flex pc-gap-8 pc-reset"><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container restack-image"><svg aria-hidden="true" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 20 20" fill="none" stroke-width="1.5" stroke="var(--color-fg-primary)" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><g><path d="M2.53001 7.81595C3.49179 4.73911 6.43281 2.5 9.91173 2.5C13.1684 2.5 15.9537 4.46214 17.0852 7.23684L17.6179 8.67647M17.6179 8.67647L18.5002 4.26471M17.6179 8.67647L13.6473 6.91176M17.4995 12.1841C16.5378 15.2609 13.5967 17.5 10.1178 17.5C6.86118 17.5 4.07589 15.5379 2.94432 12.7632L2.41165 11.3235M2.41165 11.3235L1.5293 15.7353M2.41165 11.3235L6.38224 13.0882"></path></g></svg></button><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container view-image"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-maximize2 lucide-maximize-2"><polyline points="15 3 21 3 21 9"></polyline><polyline points="9 21 3 21 3 15"></polyline><line x1="21" x2="14" y1="3" y2="10"></line><line x1="3" x2="10" y1="21" y2="14"></line></svg></button></div></div></div></a></figure></div><p></p><p>Jag har precis l&#228;st ut boken <em>The arrogant ape</em> av primatologen Christine Webb och hon menar att v&#229;r m&#228;nskliga tendens att se oss sj&#228;lva som exceptionella hindrar oss fr&#229;n att faktiskt f&#246;rst&#229; andra djur och se deras egenskaper och beteenden f&#246;r vad de verkligen &#228;r. Bland annat tar hon Kloke Hans som exempel. </p><p>Kloke Hans var en h&#228;st som av sin &#228;gare p&#229;stods kunna r&#228;kna. Hans fick se matematiska problem p&#229; en tavla och gav det r&#228;tta svaret i siffror genom att sl&#229; med ena framhoven i marken. Tillsammans med sin &#228;gare turnerade Hans runt i Tyskland i b&#246;rjan av 1900-talet och visade sina f&#228;rdigheter. Men s&#229; visade det sig att Kloke Hans bara svarade r&#228;tt om han kunde se den som st&#228;llt fr&#229;gan (och f&#246;ljaktligen k&#228;nde till svaret). Kloke Hans avf&#228;rdades d&#228;rmed som en humbug, men i sj&#228;lva verket hade han visat just hur intelligent han var &#8211; bara p&#229; ett annat omr&#229;de &#228;n matematiken. Kloke Hans var oerh&#246;rt skicklig p&#229; att l&#228;sa av subtila signaler, till r&#229;ga p&#229; allt hos en annan art &#228;n sin egen. Han kunde uppfatta de, mycket sm&#229;, signaler som m&#228;nniskor gav ifr&#229;n sig n&#228;r han n&#228;rmade sig det r&#228;tta svaret och lyckades pricka in exakt n&#228;r n&#229;gon gav ifr&#229;n sig en liten omedveten nickning eller blinkning.</p><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!ntwL!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fc4727ff3-21f8-4855-9b8e-3211788c36b7_700x367.jpeg" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!ntwL!,w_424,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fc4727ff3-21f8-4855-9b8e-3211788c36b7_700x367.jpeg 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!ntwL!,w_848,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fc4727ff3-21f8-4855-9b8e-3211788c36b7_700x367.jpeg 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!ntwL!,w_1272,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fc4727ff3-21f8-4855-9b8e-3211788c36b7_700x367.jpeg 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!ntwL!,w_1456,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fc4727ff3-21f8-4855-9b8e-3211788c36b7_700x367.jpeg 1456w" sizes="100vw"><img src="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!ntwL!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fc4727ff3-21f8-4855-9b8e-3211788c36b7_700x367.jpeg" width="700" height="367" 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srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!ntwL!,w_424,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fc4727ff3-21f8-4855-9b8e-3211788c36b7_700x367.jpeg 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!ntwL!,w_848,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fc4727ff3-21f8-4855-9b8e-3211788c36b7_700x367.jpeg 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!ntwL!,w_1272,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fc4727ff3-21f8-4855-9b8e-3211788c36b7_700x367.jpeg 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!ntwL!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fc4727ff3-21f8-4855-9b8e-3211788c36b7_700x367.jpeg 1456w" sizes="100vw"></picture><div class="image-link-expand"><div class="pencraft pc-display-flex pc-gap-8 pc-reset"><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container restack-image"><svg aria-hidden="true" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 20 20" fill="none" stroke-width="1.5" stroke="var(--color-fg-primary)" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><g><path d="M2.53001 7.81595C3.49179 4.73911 6.43281 2.5 9.91173 2.5C13.1684 2.5 15.9537 4.46214 17.0852 7.23684L17.6179 8.67647M17.6179 8.67647L18.5002 4.26471M17.6179 8.67647L13.6473 6.91176M17.4995 12.1841C16.5378 15.2609 13.5967 17.5 10.1178 17.5C6.86118 17.5 4.07589 15.5379 2.94432 12.7632L2.41165 11.3235M2.41165 11.3235L1.5293 15.7353M2.41165 11.3235L6.38224 13.0882"></path></g></svg></button><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container view-image"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-maximize2 lucide-maximize-2"><polyline points="15 3 21 3 21 9"></polyline><polyline points="9 21 3 21 3 15"></polyline><line x1="21" x2="14" y1="3" y2="10"></line><line x1="3" x2="10" y1="21" y2="14"></line></svg></button></div></div></div></a></figure></div><p></p><p>Sedan dess har Kloke Hans-effekten kunnat ses &#228;ven hos andra arter som lever n&#228;ra m&#228;nniskor. Knarkhundar markerar till exempel fler felaktiga tr&#228;ffar p&#229; individer <a href="https://www.vof.se/blogg/kloke-hans-varldens-smartaste-hast-2/">som deras f&#246;rare har f&#246;rdomar om</a>. Men &#228;ven vilda djur har denna f&#246;rm&#229;ga att l&#228;sa av andra individer. Primatologen Christine Webb ber&#228;ttar om sitt mellanhavande med den vilda babianen Bear en dag i Namibia. </p><p>Dagen innan har Bear tillsammans med ett g&#228;ng v&#228;nner mobbat en av hennes kollegor genom att springa fram och sl&#229; henne p&#229; benen och skrika. N&#228;r han r&#246;r sig fram mot Christine blir hon d&#228;rf&#246;r r&#228;dd. Hon f&#246;rs&#246;ker efter b&#228;sta f&#246;rm&#229;ga forts&#228;tta att se lugn ut men hon lurar inte Bear. Han g&#229;r raka v&#228;gen fram till henne och l&#228;gger f&#246;rsiktigt sin hand p&#229; hennes ben och g&#246;r en grimas d&#228;r han visar t&#228;nderna. Grimasen &#228;r v&#228;lk&#228;nd f&#246;r Christine &#8211; det &#228;r en lugnande min som babianer anv&#228;nder f&#246;r att l&#246;sa konflikter sinsemellan. Bear har f&#246;rst&#229;tt att det som h&#228;nt dagen innan kan ha gjort Christine r&#228;dd f&#246;r honom och nu ber han om urs&#228;kt genom att visa att han inte &#228;r farlig. Han har allts&#229; f&#246;rst&#229;tt vad hon t&#228;nker och f&#246;rs&#246;ker gottg&#246;ra.</p><p>Christine Webb har i sin utbildning f&#229;tt l&#228;ra sig att andra primater &#228;n m&#228;nniskan saknar f&#246;rm&#229;ga till mentalisering (som att s&#228;tta sig in i andras tankar). Incidenten med Bear fick henne att inse att f&#246;r att verkligen f&#246;rst&#229; andra djur s&#229; beh&#246;vde hon &#8220;avl&#228;ra&#8221; (unlearn) mycket av det hon l&#228;rt under sin utbildning. Babianer &#228;r precis som m&#228;nniskor en primat, men ett v&#228;xande antal studier visar att djur som humlor och fruktflugor ocks&#229; uppvisar beteenden som tyder p&#229; positiva eller negativa k&#228;nslom&#228;ssiga upplevelser &#8211; trots att de saknar m&#228;nniskoliknande hj&#228;rnstrukturer. </p><p>Genom att relatera till annat levande som ting har vi begr&#228;nsat vi v&#229;r f&#246;rm&#229;ga att f&#246;rst&#229; dem. Vi har blivit alienerade. F&#246;r att r&#229;da bot p&#229; det har Christine Webb introducerat begreppet &#8220;slow looking&#8221; f&#246;r sina studenter. Om vi verkligen vill f&#246;rst&#229; en annan varelse beh&#246;ver vi investera tid i att observera dem s&#229; f&#246;ruts&#228;ttningsl&#246;st som vi kan. Man kan v&#228;lja ett djur man redan k&#228;nner eller ett vilt djur, eller kanske en v&#228;xt eller ett naturfenomen &#8211;och sitter sedan stilla och betraktar och tar in, utan att s&#246;ka efter svaret p&#229; n&#229;got s&#228;rskilt.</p><p>Detta liknar det jag f&#229;tt &#246;va p&#229; i min utbildning till skogsbadsguide. Att sitta tyst och iakttagande i naturen, utan n&#229;got m&#229;l. Det liknar ocks&#229; metoden &#8220;Walking with sensitivity.&#8221; Forskarna bakom metoden skriver om hur deras forskningsgrupp utforskar nya s&#228;tt att f&#246;rh&#229;lla sig och relatera till omv&#228;rlden:</p><blockquote><p>These research streams aim to move the focus beyond human communities by exploring the inherent entanglements between more-than-human agencies &#8211; such as plants, microbes, fungi, soil, human and nonhuman animals, and water in its various forms. They seek to cultivate attentiveness to more-than-human relations and recognition of how other-than-humans produce and share knowledge.<sup>[1]</sup></p></blockquote><div><hr></div><p>Under en verklig promenad v&#228;ljer man en mer-&#228;n-m&#228;nsklig kompanjon och upplever v&#228;rlden tillsammans med den. Till sin hj&#228;lp har man tre begrepp: nyanser, k&#228;nslor och maktrelationer. Hur upplever du och din kompanjon v&#228;rlden och varandra, med dessa tre begrepp som ledord? Vi kan f&#246;rst&#229;s aldrig helt bortse fr&#229;n att vi &#228;r m&#228;nniskor men hur ser v&#228;rlden ut om vi anstr&#228;nger oss f&#246;r att m&#246;ta den ur ett icke-m&#228;nskligt perspektiv? </p><p>Att &#229;ter l&#229;ta den naturliga v&#228;rlden bli sinnlig, relaterbar och v&#228;rd v&#229;r nyfikenhet och f&#246;rundran kan l&#228;ra oss att v&#228;rdera annorlunda och f&#246;rhoppningsvis sk&#228;nka kraft och mod att ocks&#229; agera p&#229; nya, och, i s&#229; m&#229;nga avseenden, mer fruktbara s&#228;tt.</p><p>Metoden Walking with sensitivity ingick i kursen Litteratur och vandring som jag l&#228;ste vid G&#246;teborgs universitet i h&#246;stas. En regnig novemberdag fick vi studenter vandra i Slottskogen i s&#228;llskap med en egenvald annan art och g&#246;ra anteckningar om hur det k&#228;ndes. Jag valde lavarna p&#229; tr&#228;den. Troligen feltolkade jag sedan uppgiften att g&#246;ra en presentation av upplevelsen f&#246;r min s&#229;g inte riktigt ut som de andras. H&#228;r &#228;r n&#229;gra av mina bilder.</p><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!t1dk!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F31a12a5c-605b-4f59-a2ef-5073aa9c3c65_2012x1174.png" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!t1dk!,w_424,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F31a12a5c-605b-4f59-a2ef-5073aa9c3c65_2012x1174.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!t1dk!,w_848,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F31a12a5c-605b-4f59-a2ef-5073aa9c3c65_2012x1174.png 848w, 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stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-maximize2 lucide-maximize-2"><polyline points="15 3 21 3 21 9"></polyline><polyline points="9 21 3 21 3 15"></polyline><line x1="21" x2="14" y1="3" y2="10"></line><line x1="3" x2="10" y1="21" y2="14"></line></svg></button></div></div></div></a></figure></div><p>Hur &#228;r det att vara en lav? Ingen aning. Men min promenad i s&#228;llskap med lavar fick mig i alla fall mycket mer intresserad av att f&#246;rs&#246;ka f&#246;rst&#229;. Och vad s&#228;ger att inte lavarna ocks&#229; blev mer nyfikna p&#229; mig?</p><p></p><p><sup>[1]</sup> H&#246;ckert Emily, Outi Rantala &amp; Veera Kinnunen: &#8221;Walking with sensitivity&#8221;, 67&#8211;78, <em>One by walking, Transdisciplinary Mobilities and Methodologies</em>, Camilla Brundin Borg, Hanna E &#197;berg, Roger Norum, Suzanne &#214;sterlund-P&#246;tzsch, John Martin red London: Bloomsbury Publishing Pic, 2026</p><p></p>]]></content:encoded></item><item><title><![CDATA[Turism på villovägar]]></title><description><![CDATA[V&#229;gar man s&#228;ga h&#246;gt att v&#229;rt resande har g&#229;tt &#246;verstyr? Att stanna hemma kan ses som en motst&#229;ndshandling.]]></description><link>https://evalottahultn.substack.com/p/turism-pa-villovagar</link><guid isPermaLink="false">https://evalottahultn.substack.com/p/turism-pa-villovagar</guid><dc:creator><![CDATA[Eva-Lotta Hultén]]></dc:creator><pubDate>Thu, 21 May 2026 07:49:44 GMT</pubDate><enclosure url="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!vQNR!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fdbd6849c-aae0-4231-92ff-1bb8b15be876_2349x1395.heic" length="0" type="image/jpeg"/><content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Historiskt vilar ett romantiskt skimmer &#246;ver dem som kastar loss: &#228;ventyrarna, vagabonderna, luffarna. S&#228;llan har jag sj&#228;lv k&#228;nt mig s&#229; fri som n&#228;r jag som 19-&#229;ring tog mig runt i Latinamerika med allt jag beh&#246;vde i ryggs&#228;cken. Men resor har sedan l&#228;nge blivit till en konsumtionsvara bland andra.</p><p>Thomas Cook startade v&#228;rldens f&#246;rsta resebyr&#229; redan i mitten av 1800-talet och &#246;verallt m&#246;ter oss idag resereklam som lovar frihet, vila, vackra milj&#246;er och god mat bara vi betalar. Och vi shoppar som aldrig f&#246;rr: en l&#229;ngresa till Thailand f&#246;r att komma undan vinterm&#246;rkret, en weekendresa till Barcelona f&#246;r att dricka cava och s&#229; en t&#229;gresa till Alperna p&#229; det, f&#246;r det sl&#228;pper visst inte ut n&#229;gon koldioxid (fast jo, det g&#246;r det &#8211; ungef&#228;r en fj&#228;rdedel s&#229; mycket som flyget). Because we&#8217;re worth it. Men f&#246;rtj&#228;nar andra att drabbas av v&#229;ra resor? Och d&#229; t&#228;nker jag inte bara p&#229; v&#228;xthusgasutsl&#228;ppen.</p><p>N&#228;ra f&#228;rjel&#228;get i danska Fredrikshamn hade n&#229;gon n&#228;r jag var ung klottrat &#8221;H&#229;ll Danmark rent. Led en svensk till f&#228;rjan.&#8221; <strong>Svenska ungdomar s&#246;p sig redl&#246;sa p&#229; elefant&#246;l och kissade och kr&#228;ktes lite varstans. Vi har en tendens att uppf&#246;ra oss s&#228;mre n&#228;r vi inte &#228;r p&#229; hemmaplan &#8211; och det g&#228;ller inte bara unga.</strong> Sopsortering och trafikregler &#228;r inte l&#228;ngre lika viktiga. Inv&#229;nare p&#229; olika turistm&#229;l har b&#246;rjat protestera alltmer uttryckligt. Amsterdams kommun har startat en n&#228;tkampanj riktad till m&#228;n mellan 18 och 35 f&#246;r att f&#229; dem att h&#229;lla sig borta och i s&#246;dra Europa demonstrerar m&#228;nniskor eftersom massturismen &#246;verbelastar vatten- och avloppssystem, sliter p&#229; naturen och leder till bostadsbrist n&#228;r centrala bost&#228;der hyrs ut via airbnb. Och ofta, som vid all inclusive- och kryssningsturism, g&#229;r pengarna inte ens till lokalsamh&#228;llet utan till bolag med s&#228;te i andra l&#228;nder. Bara nackdelarna kvar till lokalborna allts&#229;. Hade djuren i de afrikanska nationalparkerna kunnat demonstrera hade de s&#228;kert ocks&#229; gjort det. G&#246;r en n&#228;ts&#246;kning p&#229; &#8220;The Cheetahs Made a Kill. Then the Safari Trucks Swarmed In&#8221;(Leoparderna lade ned ett byte. Sedan kom sv&#228;rmen av safaribilar), s&#229; f&#246;rst&#229;r du vad jag menar.</p><div class="pullquote"><p><strong>&#8220;F&#229; tycker om att k&#228;nna sig som ett f&#229;r i en skock.&#8221; </strong></p></div><p>Tr&#228;ngseln f&#246;rst&#246;r &#228;ven upplevelsen f&#246;r turisten. F&#229; tycker om att k&#228;nna sig som ett f&#229;r i en skock. Den brittiske fotografen Martin Parr har tagit tragikomiska bilder av massturismen. En av mina favoriter visar Pisatornet i bakgrunden och en gr&#228;smatta med m&#228;nniskor som i olika vinklar l&#229;tsas staga upp tornet medan n&#229;gon annan fotograferar. Att hantera att platserna ser b&#228;ttre ut p&#229; instagram &#228;n i verkligheten kan ocks&#229; vara en utmaning. &#8221;Parissyndromet&#8221; beskrevs f&#246;rsta g&#229;ngen p&#229; 1980-talet av en japansk psykiater och &#228;r en diagnos f&#246;r den extrema besvikelse som kan drabba en n&#228;r turistm&#229;let inte &#228;r som i ens dr&#246;mmar. Nog har vi v&#228;l alla k&#228;nt en sl&#228;ng av: &#8221;vad g&#246;r jag h&#228;r egentligen?&#8221; &#196;r v&#229;rt beg&#228;r efter att resa ens v&#229;rt eget eller bara en spegling av vad vi tror att andra tr&#229;r efter?</p><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="https://martinparr.com/2014/mar-del-plata/" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!vQNR!,w_424,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fdbd6849c-aae0-4231-92ff-1bb8b15be876_2349x1395.heic 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!vQNR!,w_848,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fdbd6849c-aae0-4231-92ff-1bb8b15be876_2349x1395.heic 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!vQNR!,w_1272,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fdbd6849c-aae0-4231-92ff-1bb8b15be876_2349x1395.heic 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!vQNR!,w_1456,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fdbd6849c-aae0-4231-92ff-1bb8b15be876_2349x1395.heic 1456w" sizes="100vw"><img src="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!vQNR!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fdbd6849c-aae0-4231-92ff-1bb8b15be876_2349x1395.heic" width="1456" height="865" 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srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!vQNR!,w_424,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fdbd6849c-aae0-4231-92ff-1bb8b15be876_2349x1395.heic 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!vQNR!,w_848,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fdbd6849c-aae0-4231-92ff-1bb8b15be876_2349x1395.heic 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!vQNR!,w_1272,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fdbd6849c-aae0-4231-92ff-1bb8b15be876_2349x1395.heic 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!vQNR!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fdbd6849c-aae0-4231-92ff-1bb8b15be876_2349x1395.heic 1456w" sizes="100vw" fetchpriority="high"></picture><div class="image-link-expand"><div class="pencraft pc-display-flex pc-gap-8 pc-reset"><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container restack-image"><svg aria-hidden="true" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 20 20" fill="none" stroke-width="1.5" stroke="var(--color-fg-primary)" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><g><path d="M2.53001 7.81595C3.49179 4.73911 6.43281 2.5 9.91173 2.5C13.1684 2.5 15.9537 4.46214 17.0852 7.23684L17.6179 8.67647M17.6179 8.67647L18.5002 4.26471M17.6179 8.67647L13.6473 6.91176M17.4995 12.1841C16.5378 15.2609 13.5967 17.5 10.1178 17.5C6.86118 17.5 4.07589 15.5379 2.94432 12.7632L2.41165 11.3235M2.41165 11.3235L1.5293 15.7353M2.41165 11.3235L6.38224 13.0882"></path></g></svg></button><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container view-image"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-maximize2 lucide-maximize-2"><polyline points="15 3 21 3 21 9"></polyline><polyline points="9 21 3 21 3 15"></polyline><line x1="21" x2="14" y1="3" y2="10"></line><line x1="3" x2="10" y1="21" y2="14"></line></svg></button></div></div></div></a></figure></div><p><em>Den brittiske fotografen Martin Parr tog tragikomiska bilder av massturismen.</em></p><p>V&#229;gar man s&#228;ga h&#246;gt att v&#229;rt resande har g&#229;tt &#246;verstyr? Det kryllar av m&#228;nniskor som tycker att de har r&#228;tt att unna sig, nu n&#228;r de blivit pension&#228;rer, nu n&#228;r de m&#229;ste jobba s&#229; mycket, eller nu n&#228;r ungarna &#228;r sm&#229;. Ta inte v&#229;ra snuttefiltar ifr&#229;n oss! Men det m&#229;ste bli en &#228;ndring. Jag blir hoppfull n&#228;r jag h&#246;r en ung m&#228;nniska s&#228;ga att det har b&#246;rjat bli ute att turista. M&#246;jligen syftar hon bara p&#229; charterturism men kanske h&#229;ller statusen f&#246;r resande p&#229; att f&#246;r&#228;ndras?</p><p>Att ta sig till andra sidan jordklotet &#228;r numera l&#228;tt, och det som alla kan f&#229; blir ofta mindre &#229;tr&#229;v&#228;rt. Inte heller &#228;r v&#228;rmeb&#246;ljor, &#246;versv&#228;mningar och kilometerl&#229;nga museik&#246;er riktigt vad vi &#246;nskar oss av en semester &#8211; vi &#228;r inte beredda att lida riktigt hur mycket som helst f&#246;r en selfie med Mona Lisa. Men vad ska vi rikta v&#229;rt beg&#228;r emot i st&#228;llet?</p><div class="pullquote"><p><strong>&#8220;Jag har b&#246;rjat se det som en motst&#229;ndshandling att stanna hemma.&#8221; </strong></p></div><p>Forskningsunderst&#246;dda recept f&#246;r att k&#228;nna lycka &#228;r upplevelser som kr&#228;ver v&#229;r fulla uppm&#228;rksamhet eller som sk&#228;nker f&#246;rundran. Kan vi skifta v&#229;r uppt&#228;ckarlusta fr&#229;n ytliga bekantskaper med exotiska platser till mer f&#246;rdjupad kontakt med v&#229;r n&#228;ra omgivning? L&#228;ra oss om blommor, insekter och vattenlevande djur? Kanske &#228;r det f&#246;r att jag hunnit passera 50 som jag t&#228;nker s&#229;. Min egen reslust &#228;r p&#229; upph&#228;llningen och min k&#228;raste app heter PlantNet. Men s&#229; m&#246;ter jag en ung m&#228;nniska som b&#246;rjat l&#228;sa biologi och lyriskt pratar om naturupplevelser genom luppens lins. Det ger f&#246;rnyat hopp. Vi beh&#246;ver faktiskt inte resa l&#228;ngre &#228;n till n&#228;rmsta skog f&#246;r att se en helt ny v&#228;rld. Eller f&#246;r den delen l&#228;ngre &#228;n till n&#228;rmsta f&#246;rort f&#246;r att tr&#228;ffa m&#228;nniskor fr&#229;n hela v&#228;rlden.</p><p>Att resa f&#246;r att uppleva saker &#228;r inget d&#229;ligt incitament men med tanke p&#229; konsekvenserna f&#246;r natur och lokalbefolkning kanske vi &#229;tminstone b&#246;r begr&#228;nsa v&#229;rt l&#228;ngre resande? Om m&#229;let &#228;r vila och n&#228;rvaro i nuet s&#229; m&#229;ste det ju inte komma till oss i en solstol vid Medelhavet. <strong>Jag har b&#246;rjat se det som en motst&#229;ndshandling att stanna hemma. Det finns inget som kommersialismens maskineri avskyr s&#229; mycket som en m&#228;nniska som n&#246;jer sig.</strong></p><p>Nomaden i oss d&#229;? Fr&#229;n den tid d&#229; min fickkalender i papper varje vecka bj&#246;d p&#229; visdomsord minns jag ett citat om att n&#228;r vi reser s&#229; kommer sj&#228;len efter oss p&#229; en &#229;sna. &#197;ker vi p&#229; en enveckas flygtripp till Grekland hinner sj&#228;len inte ens till Tyskland innan det &#228;r dags f&#246;r &#229;snan att v&#228;nda hem igen.</p><p>S&#229; &#228;r det verkligen flyga v&#229;r inre vagabond vill? &#196;r det inte snarare att ta sig fram i den takt som v&#229;ra ben kan &#229;stadkomma, i frihet fr&#229;n vardagskrav och andras f&#246;rv&#228;ntningar? I s&#229; fall kan vi st&#228;nga av instagram och b&#246;rja precis d&#228;r vi st&#229;r.</p><p>I <a href="https://www.sverigesnatur.org/opinion/essa/turism-pa-villovagar/?utm_medium=email&amp;utm_source=Newsletter&amp;utm_campaign=Var%20l&#246;ftena%20om%20ny%20k&#228;rnkraft%20bara%20tomma%20ord%3F">Sveriges Natur</a>.</p><p></p>]]></content:encoded></item><item><title><![CDATA[Samhällsmoderlighet och alternativ hedonism]]></title><description><![CDATA[Omsorg och moderlighet v&#228;rderas h&#246;gt n&#228;r vi t&#228;nker p&#229; barn, men hur &#228;r det med samh&#228;llet?]]></description><link>https://evalottahultn.substack.com/p/samhallsmoderlighet-och-alternativ</link><guid isPermaLink="false">https://evalottahultn.substack.com/p/samhallsmoderlighet-och-alternativ</guid><dc:creator><![CDATA[Eva-Lotta Hultén]]></dc:creator><pubDate>Thu, 30 Apr 2026 08:30:38 GMT</pubDate><enclosure url="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!hYU0!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F4ab2db93-7e50-4e69-9510-621802ab5a04_474x526.jpeg" length="0" type="image/jpeg"/><content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Under ett krig f&#246;r l&#228;nge sedan d&#246;dades alla m&#228;n och n&#228;r det bergiga omr&#229;det strax d&#228;rp&#229; skars av fr&#229;n omv&#228;rlden av ett jordskred l&#228;mnades kvinnorna att ensamma bygga upp nationen igen. Som genom ett mirakel uppstod en mutation hos en av dem, som gjorde att hon kunde f&#246;r&#246;ka sig utan inblandning av n&#229;gon man. Fr&#229;n henne h&#228;rstammar nu landets hela befolkning, som uteslutande best&#229;r av kvinnor f&#246;rm&#246;gna till sj&#228;lvbefruktning.</p><p>Tre unga, amerikanska m&#228;n f&#229;r h&#246;ra talas om det avskilda riket och lyckas ta sig dit med flygplan. Ett f&#246;r utopigenren typiskt uppl&#228;gg som ger f&#246;rfattaren Charlotte Perkins Gilman chans att i sk&#246;nlitter&#228;r dr&#228;kt presentera ett idealsamh&#228;lle: ett land d&#228;r kultur och samh&#228;llsstruktur helt skiljer sig fr&#229;n det vi tar f&#246;r givet.</p><p><strong>Boken &#8221;</strong><em><strong>Kvinnoland&#8221; </strong></em><strong>skrevs</strong><em><strong> </strong></em><strong>1915 </strong>och h&#246;r, som m&#229;nga av d&#229;tidens utopiskildringar, hemma i den socialistiska traditionen med sin betoning p&#229; gemenskap, solidaritet och j&#228;mlikhet. Men den anknyter ocks&#229; till den mindre omfattande feministiska utopitraditionen, och det som g&#246;r den verkligt originell &#228;r hur den lyfter fram moderskapet som n&#229;got heligt. Kvinnan ska inte frig&#246;ras genom att slippa ta hand om sina barn &#8211; och inte heller genom att slippa allt samh&#228;llsansvar &#8211; utan genom att omsorgen om barnen lyfts fram som samh&#228;llets h&#246;gsta uppgift. Bokens ber&#228;ttarjag Van noterar skillnaden mot hur f&#246;r&#228;ldrarollen gestaltar sig i d&#229;tidens USA. I hans hemland bryr sig varje mor mest bara om sitt eget barn men i det rike han nu hamnat &#228;r alla inv&#229;nare engagerade i alla barn och jobbar tillsammans f&#246;r deras v&#228;l.</p><p></p><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!hYU0!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F4ab2db93-7e50-4e69-9510-621802ab5a04_474x526.jpeg" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!hYU0!,w_424,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F4ab2db93-7e50-4e69-9510-621802ab5a04_474x526.jpeg 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!hYU0!,w_848,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F4ab2db93-7e50-4e69-9510-621802ab5a04_474x526.jpeg 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!hYU0!,w_1272,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F4ab2db93-7e50-4e69-9510-621802ab5a04_474x526.jpeg 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!hYU0!,w_1456,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F4ab2db93-7e50-4e69-9510-621802ab5a04_474x526.jpeg 1456w" sizes="100vw"><img src="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!hYU0!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F4ab2db93-7e50-4e69-9510-621802ab5a04_474x526.jpeg" width="474" height="526" 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srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!hYU0!,w_424,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F4ab2db93-7e50-4e69-9510-621802ab5a04_474x526.jpeg 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!hYU0!,w_848,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F4ab2db93-7e50-4e69-9510-621802ab5a04_474x526.jpeg 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!hYU0!,w_1272,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F4ab2db93-7e50-4e69-9510-621802ab5a04_474x526.jpeg 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!hYU0!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F4ab2db93-7e50-4e69-9510-621802ab5a04_474x526.jpeg 1456w" sizes="100vw" fetchpriority="high"></picture><div class="image-link-expand"><div class="pencraft pc-display-flex pc-gap-8 pc-reset"><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container restack-image"><svg aria-hidden="true" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 20 20" fill="none" stroke-width="1.5" stroke="var(--color-fg-primary)" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><g><path d="M2.53001 7.81595C3.49179 4.73911 6.43281 2.5 9.91173 2.5C13.1684 2.5 15.9537 4.46214 17.0852 7.23684L17.6179 8.67647M17.6179 8.67647L18.5002 4.26471M17.6179 8.67647L13.6473 6.91176M17.4995 12.1841C16.5378 15.2609 13.5967 17.5 10.1178 17.5C6.86118 17.5 4.07589 15.5379 2.94432 12.7632L2.41165 11.3235M2.41165 11.3235L1.5293 15.7353M2.41165 11.3235L6.38224 13.0882"></path></g></svg></button><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container view-image"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-maximize2 lucide-maximize-2"><polyline points="15 3 21 3 21 9"></polyline><polyline points="9 21 3 21 3 15"></polyline><line x1="21" x2="14" y1="3" y2="10"></line><line x1="3" x2="10" y1="21" y2="14"></line></svg></button></div></div></div></a></figure></div><p><em>  Charlotte Perkins Gilman (1860-1935) var feminist, socialist, f&#246;rfattare och tidskriftsredakt&#246;r.</em></p><p>Perkins Gilman tycks b&#229;de anknyta till och polemisera mot Ellen Keys id&#233;er om moderlighet. De var samtida med varandra och framh&#229;ller b&#229;da hur viktigt v&#228;rnandet om barnet &#228;r, f&#246;r dess egen skull och f&#246;r att forma ett gott samh&#228;lle. Men Key var s&#228;rartsfeminist. R&#246;str&#228;tt &#229;t alla kvinnor, javisst, men bara barnfria kvinnor eller de vars barn vuxit upp skulle st&#228;lla sina speciella kvinnliga krafter till samh&#228;llets f&#246;rfogande. Andra har kallat dessa st&#229;ndpunkter f&#246;r &#8221;samh&#228;llsmoderlighet&#8221;.</p><p>Var finns samh&#228;llsmoderligheten idag, n&#228;r unga kvinnor dr&#246;mmer om att bli hemmafruar och &#8221;momfluencers&#8221; som lever p&#229; reklamint&#228;kter f&#246;r att blotta sig sj&#228;lva och sina familjer f&#246;r alla som vill titta? Det g&#229;r sannerligen att ha synpunkter p&#229; vad det g&#246;r med relationen mellan f&#246;r&#228;lder och barn, och hur exponeringen p&#229;verkar de sm&#229;. Men ta bort kameran ur ekvationen s&#229; har f&#246;reteelsen likheter med det Ellen Key f&#246;respr&#229;kade f&#246;r kvinnor som hade yngre barn: ett engagemang helt vigt &#229;t familjelivet. I den tidskrift som Charlotte Perkins Gilman drev och sj&#228;lv skrev alla texter till, kommenterar hon Keys &#8221;<em>Barnets &#229;rhundrade&#8221;</em> i f&#246;ljande ordalag:</p><p>Kvinnor f&#246;r&#228;ndras som m&#228;nniskor: de &#228;r inte l&#228;ngre bara en sak &#8211; kvinnor, m&#246;drar och ingenting annat [&#8230;], de &#228;r ocks&#229; personer av vitt skilda slag, med intressen och f&#246;rm&#229;gor som g&#246;r dem l&#228;mpade f&#246;r att delta i samh&#228;llet p&#229; m&#229;nga s&#228;tt.&#8221;</p><p>Hennes egen samh&#228;llsmoderlighet var radikal. Hon visade fram kvinnor som fullt kapabla att ta ledarroller, driva och utveckla ett samh&#228;lle och klara s&#229;v&#228;l intellektuella uppgifter som h&#229;rt kroppsarbete, &#228;ven som m&#246;drar. Det var en moderlighet som lika g&#228;rna kan ut&#246;vas av m&#228;n: ett s&#228;tt att f&#246;rh&#229;lla sig till vad som &#228;r verkligt viktigt.</p><p><strong>N&#228;r jag sj&#228;lv var h&#246;ggravid </strong>med mitt f&#246;rsta barn fick jag fr&#229;n flera kvinnor h&#246;ra att jag skulle komma att g&#229; in i en bebisbubbla. V&#228;rlden d&#228;rutanf&#246;r skulle bli mindre viktig. Jag protesterade: omv&#228;rlden hade blivit viktigare f&#246;r mig n&#228;r jag blev gravid och jag trodde inte att det skulle f&#246;r&#228;ndras av att barnet f&#246;ddes.</p><p>B&#229;de de andra kvinnorna och jag sj&#228;lv fick r&#228;tt. Jag blev mer p&#229;verkad av alla nyheter som kunde inneb&#228;ra fara f&#246;r mitt eget <em>och</em> alla andras barn. Men jag fick l&#228;gre f&#246;rm&#229;ga att <em>delta</em> i v&#228;rlden under ett antal &#229;r. Bubblan var inget jag valde utan en effekt av bristande tid och energi. Det var heller inte bara min egen ork jag fick k&#228;mpa med. Starka kommersiella krafter vill f&#229; oss att tro att ett gott f&#246;r&#228;ldraskap i f&#246;rsta hand &#228;r en prylsport som kr&#228;ver stora inkomster. Det individualistiska idealet s&#228;ger oss samtidigt att v&#229;r fr&#228;msta plikt &#228;r att l&#228;gga mycket tid p&#229; att v&#229;ra barn ska bli framg&#229;ngsrika: ekonomiskt, musikaliskt, idrottsligt. Mina ambitioner fanns emellertid kvar. Jag ville p&#229;verka v&#228;rlden och jag ville att mina barn skulle se mig p&#229;verka v&#228;rlden &#8211; f&#246;r att f&#246;rst&#229; att det g&#229;r och att man b&#246;r.</p><p>Medan barnen i de tre unga m&#228;nnens USA v&#228;xer upp i relativt slutna familjer d&#228;r man g&#246;r allt f&#246;r att avsk&#228;rma dem fr&#229;n en omv&#228;rld som ses som farlig, l&#228;rs barnen i Kvinnoland redan fr&#229;n b&#246;rjan att vara delaktiga och att ta ansvar f&#246;r samh&#228;llet. L&#228;raren Somel f&#246;rklarar att de under sin utbildning l&#228;r sig att &#228;lska intellektuella utmaningar, vilket f&#246;rvirrar ber&#228;ttarjaget Van. Vad g&#246;r l&#228;randet f&#246;r nytta om eleverna tycker om att l&#228;ra? Det blir tydligt att han fostrats i ett inl&#228;rningssystem d&#228;r lydnad och underkastelse &#228;r viktiga m&#229;l i sig f&#246;r skolan. Det <em>ska</em> helt enkelt vara tr&#229;kigt att l&#228;ra. I det avskilda landet bland bergen &#228;r m&#229;let ut&#246;ver kunskap i st&#228;llet sj&#228;lvst&#228;ndighet, solidaritet och gemenskap och b&#229;de kropp och intellekt ska stimuleras. Man efterstr&#228;var visdom och en handlingsf&#246;rm&#229;ga som brukas f&#246;r det gemensamma b&#228;sta.</p><p><em>&#8221;Kvinnoland&#8221;</em> kan ses som en stridsskrift f&#246;r omsorgens centrala roll f&#246;r ett gott liv. Att ge omsorg betraktas som samh&#228;llets viktigaste uppgift och ett privilegium som ocks&#229; ger en stark livstillfredsst&#228;llelse. Detta &#228;r ett exempel p&#229; det som filosofen Kate Soper kallar &#8221;alternativ hedonism&#8221;: ett begrepp f&#246;r nya v&#228;gar till sj&#228;lvf&#246;rverkligande och lycka. Den alternativa hedonismen handlar om ett skifte bort fr&#229;n destruktiv &#246;verkonsumtion och statusjakt, till en str&#228;van efter tillr&#228;cklighet och en tillfredsst&#228;llelse som kan uppn&#229;s inom planetens gr&#228;nser.</p><p><strong>Jag minns mitt &#228;ndl&#246;sa vankande</strong> runt i huset med en kolikbebis i sele p&#229; magen och en frustrerad tre&#229;ring i hasorna. P&#229; samma g&#229;ng utmattad och f&#228;rdig att explodera &#8211; av frustration och av k&#228;rlek. Jag k&#228;nde mig s&#246;ndertrasad av den sm&#228;rta mitt minsta barn upplevde och den l&#228;ngtan som jag inte f&#246;rm&#229;dde svara mot hos mitt &#228;ldre barn.</p><p>Det finns ingen sj&#228;lvklar samh&#228;llsl&#246;sning p&#229; s&#229;dana dilemman. Inte heller n&#229;got personligt f&#246;rh&#229;llningss&#228;tt som p&#229; ett enkelt s&#228;tt kan ta udden av det k&#228;nslom&#228;ssiga kaos det inneb&#228;r att vara f&#246;r&#228;lder. Det &#228;r helt enkelt ofta sv&#229;rt att njuta av privilegiet att f&#229; ge omsorg. Charlotte Perkins Gilman drabbades sj&#228;lv av f&#246;rlossningsdepression och l&#228;mnade senare sin enda dotter hos sin exman och hans nya hustru. Men jag undrar vad som skulle kunna h&#228;nda om vi l&#228;t moderlighet bli den ledande politiska princip som vi inr&#228;ttade samh&#228;llet som helhet efter. Eller om vi b&#246;rjade se den m&#228;nskliga tillv&#228;xt som omsorgen syftar till som ens h&#228;lften s&#229; viktig som den ekonomiska tillv&#228;xt som vi st&#228;ndigt curlar och daltar med.</p><p></p><p><a href="https://www.sverigesradio.se/avsnitt/samhallsmoderlighet-varlden-behover-alternativ-hedonism">I OBS i P1 idag</a>. </p>]]></content:encoded></item><item><title><![CDATA[De kommer få smörgås! Vad kan gå fel?]]></title><description><![CDATA[I denna ess&#228; f&#246;r DN skrev jag att vi tycks gl&#246;mma vad ett barn &#228;r.]]></description><link>https://evalottahultn.substack.com/p/de-kommer-fa-smorgas-vad-kan-ga-fel</link><guid isPermaLink="false">https://evalottahultn.substack.com/p/de-kommer-fa-smorgas-vad-kan-ga-fel</guid><dc:creator><![CDATA[Eva-Lotta Hultén]]></dc:creator><pubDate>Thu, 09 Apr 2026 06:39:07 GMT</pubDate><enclosure url="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!SH65!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F18cb7628-d918-4f2c-bf0e-25bad93076ff_1632x1222.heic" length="0" type="image/jpeg"/><content:encoded><![CDATA[<p></p><p>I <a href="https://www.dn.se/kultur/eva-lotta-hulten-vi-haller-pa-att-glomma-bort-vad-ett-barn-ar-for-nagot/">denna ess&#228; f&#246;r DN</a> skrev jag att vi tycks gl&#246;mma vad ett barn &#228;r. N&#229;gra utdrag:</p><p>&#8220;Inom sociologin pratar man om att barn inte betraktas som &#8221;beings&#8221; utan som &#8221;becomings&#8221;. Man kan &#246;vers&#228;tta det f&#246;rsta till &#8221;varelser&#8221; och det senare ordet till &#8221;blivelser&#8221;. Barnets v&#228;rde ligger i att det en g&#229;ng kommer att bli vuxet. Detta syns&#228;tt riskerar leda till att man varken ser barnet som agent i sitt eget liv, eller barn- och ungdomen som meningsfull som s&#229;dan. Men f&#229; klarar att n&#246;ja sig med att bara f&#246;rbereda sig f&#246;r n&#229;got som ligger l&#229;ngt in i framtiden. De flesta vill k&#228;nna sig engagerade, roade, utmanade, uppfyllda, beh&#246;vda <em>nu</em>. N&#228;r inte skolan eller andra delar av samh&#228;llet kan erbjuda unga den sortens mening st&#229;r andra redo att g&#246;ra det. Och de har inte alltid demokratiska eller konstruktiva avsikter.</p><p>(&#8230;)</p><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!SH65!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F18cb7628-d918-4f2c-bf0e-25bad93076ff_1632x1222.heic" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!SH65!,w_424,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F18cb7628-d918-4f2c-bf0e-25bad93076ff_1632x1222.heic 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!SH65!,w_848,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F18cb7628-d918-4f2c-bf0e-25bad93076ff_1632x1222.heic 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!SH65!,w_1272,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F18cb7628-d918-4f2c-bf0e-25bad93076ff_1632x1222.heic 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!SH65!,w_1456,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F18cb7628-d918-4f2c-bf0e-25bad93076ff_1632x1222.heic 1456w" sizes="100vw"><img src="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!SH65!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F18cb7628-d918-4f2c-bf0e-25bad93076ff_1632x1222.heic" width="1456" height="1090" 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srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!SH65!,w_424,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F18cb7628-d918-4f2c-bf0e-25bad93076ff_1632x1222.heic 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!SH65!,w_848,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F18cb7628-d918-4f2c-bf0e-25bad93076ff_1632x1222.heic 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!SH65!,w_1272,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F18cb7628-d918-4f2c-bf0e-25bad93076ff_1632x1222.heic 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!SH65!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F18cb7628-d918-4f2c-bf0e-25bad93076ff_1632x1222.heic 1456w" sizes="100vw" fetchpriority="high"></picture><div class="image-link-expand"><div class="pencraft pc-display-flex pc-gap-8 pc-reset"><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container restack-image"><svg aria-hidden="true" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 20 20" fill="none" stroke-width="1.5" stroke="var(--color-fg-primary)" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><g><path d="M2.53001 7.81595C3.49179 4.73911 6.43281 2.5 9.91173 2.5C13.1684 2.5 15.9537 4.46214 17.0852 7.23684L17.6179 8.67647M17.6179 8.67647L18.5002 4.26471M17.6179 8.67647L13.6473 6.91176M17.4995 12.1841C16.5378 15.2609 13.5967 17.5 10.1178 17.5C6.86118 17.5 4.07589 15.5379 2.94432 12.7632L2.41165 11.3235M2.41165 11.3235L1.5293 15.7353M2.41165 11.3235L6.38224 13.0882"></path></g></svg></button><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container view-image"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-maximize2 lucide-maximize-2"><polyline points="15 3 21 3 21 9"></polyline><polyline points="9 21 3 21 3 15"></polyline><line x1="21" x2="14" y1="3" y2="10"></line><line x1="3" x2="10" y1="21" y2="14"></line></svg></button></div></div></div></a></figure></div><p></p><p><strong>De l&#246;sningar</strong> som i dag presenteras, n&#228;stan oavsett vilka problemen &#228;r, handlar i h&#246;g utstr&#228;ckning om mer styrning och h&#229;rdare tag och i &#246;kande grad om medicinering. Om du har sv&#229;rt f&#246;r matematik ska du inte till&#229;tas utveckla dig p&#229; omr&#229;den d&#228;r du har fallenhet och lust, utan tvingas till &#228;nnu mer matematik. Om du har sv&#229;rt att sitta still kan du bli utsl&#228;ngd ur klassrummet eller f&#246;rskrivas piller. Om du h&#229;ller p&#229; att rasa ihop av &#229;ngest f&#229;r du bita ihop. Fr&#229;n skolan kan du inte sjukskriva dig och g&#229;r du inte dit s&#229; skickas en orosanm&#228;lan till socialtj&#228;nsten. Varf&#246;r kan inte f&#246;r&#228;ldrar anm&#228;la beslutande politiker till socialtj&#228;nsten f&#246;r att de g&#246;r det om&#246;jligt f&#246;r barn att leva de liv de f&#246;rtj&#228;nar?</p><p>N&#228;r det handlar om unga som hamnar i kriminalitet &#228;r &#246;kad repression likas&#229; modellen. L&#228;gre straffmyndighet och h&#229;rdare straff &#228;r vad som diskuteras. Inte de uppenbara systemfel som beh&#246;ver &#229;tg&#228;rdas f&#246;r att barn ska k&#228;nna sig v&#228;rdefulla, trygga, kunskapssugna och bli f&#246;rm&#246;gna till anstr&#228;ngning i skolan. </p><p>(&#8230;)</p><p>I alla sammanhang d&#228;r barn ing&#229;r beh&#246;ver vi satsa p&#229; att bygga konstruktiva gemenskaper d&#228;r de g&#246;rs delaktiga och har medbest&#228;mmande. Inte bara f&#246;r att det leder till b&#228;ttre l&#228;rande, &#246;kad demokratisk f&#246;rm&#229;ga och minskad risk f&#246;r asocialt beteende, utan f&#246;r att det &#228;r det enda etiska s&#228;ttet att f&#246;rh&#229;lla sig till barn. Till m&#228;nniskor &#246;ver huvud taget. Historien har dessutom l&#228;rt oss vilka risker som f&#246;ljer med att socialisera med h&#229;rd disciplin och krav p&#229; underkastelse och lydnad.</p><p>Jag h&#246;r redan de h&#229;nfulla kommentarerna i mitt huvud: &#8221;Ska barn f&#229; g&#246;ra vad de vill?&#8221; Jag s&#228;ger inte att barn ska best&#228;mma allt, bara att de ska ges chans att h&#246;ras och f&#229; konkreta m&#246;jligheter att utveckla sin f&#246;rm&#229;ga att ta ansvar. &#8221;Ska barn som &#228;r grovt kriminella bara f&#229; h&#229;llas?&#8221; Nej, sj&#228;lvklart inte. Ibland &#228;r det till och med motiverat att l&#229;sa in 13-&#229;ringar. Men en tretton&#229;ring som beg&#229;r brott b&#246;r i f&#246;rsta hand betraktas som ett offer. En vilsekommen som beh&#246;ver styrning men ocks&#229; k&#228;rlek och hopp. Kanske vet 13-&#229;ringen inte sj&#228;lv vilken sorts hopp den beh&#246;ver, eftersom den aldrig upplevt ett samh&#228;lle som ser j&#228;mlikhet, solidaritet, gemenskap, mening och demokrati som de v&#228;rden som genomsyrar och b&#228;r oss som individer genom livet. D&#229; beh&#246;ver vi &#228;ndra p&#229; samh&#228;llet.&#8221;</p><p></p>]]></content:encoded></item><item><title><![CDATA[On political animism]]></title><description><![CDATA[A piece on becoming terrestrial]]></description><link>https://evalottahultn.substack.com/p/on-political-animism</link><guid isPermaLink="false">https://evalottahultn.substack.com/p/on-political-animism</guid><dc:creator><![CDATA[Eva-Lotta Hultén]]></dc:creator><pubDate>Mon, 30 Mar 2026 14:28:47 GMT</pubDate><enclosure url="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!waOE!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F62982f3d-539f-4a8b-87fb-f917cae0ca38_2048x1536.jpeg" length="0" type="image/jpeg"/><content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>The gods and sacred places of animism have always been local. The idea that one&#8217;s own faith is valid everywhere is found only in a few religions, among which Christianity, Islam and to some extent Buddhism are the largest. It is not anyone&#8217;s task, to tell exactly what a modern animism should look like. It must be up to the land to tell us, and for each of us to find our way, individually or together with others. Sustainable religions cannot be prescribed or created by any one individual to be adopted by the masses. They must be allowed to grow.</p><p> But I want to say something about what I think a modern animism could offer.</p><p>It can give us a sense of belonging in the world and a spiritual approach to our reality; a spirituality that would make us feel responsible and in contact with our surroundings. It could give us an infinitely large family. It is a staggering realization that everything from flowering plants to insects and humans belong to the eukaryote family and originated from a single individual 1.8 billion years ago. Single-celled eukaryotes and bacteria share an even older common bond.</p><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!waOE!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F62982f3d-539f-4a8b-87fb-f917cae0ca38_2048x1536.jpeg" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!waOE!,w_424,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F62982f3d-539f-4a8b-87fb-f917cae0ca38_2048x1536.jpeg 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!waOE!,w_848,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F62982f3d-539f-4a8b-87fb-f917cae0ca38_2048x1536.jpeg 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!waOE!,w_1272,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F62982f3d-539f-4a8b-87fb-f917cae0ca38_2048x1536.jpeg 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!waOE!,w_1456,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F62982f3d-539f-4a8b-87fb-f917cae0ca38_2048x1536.jpeg 1456w" sizes="100vw"><img src="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!waOE!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F62982f3d-539f-4a8b-87fb-f917cae0ca38_2048x1536.jpeg" width="1456" height="1092" data-attrs="{&quot;src&quot;:&quot;https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/62982f3d-539f-4a8b-87fb-f917cae0ca38_2048x1536.jpeg&quot;,&quot;srcNoWatermark&quot;:null,&quot;fullscreen&quot;:null,&quot;imageSize&quot;:null,&quot;height&quot;:1092,&quot;width&quot;:1456,&quot;resizeWidth&quot;:null,&quot;bytes&quot;:394818,&quot;alt&quot;:null,&quot;title&quot;:null,&quot;type&quot;:&quot;image/jpeg&quot;,&quot;href&quot;:null,&quot;belowTheFold&quot;:false,&quot;topImage&quot;:true,&quot;internalRedirect&quot;:&quot;https://evalottahultn.substack.com/i/192612199?img=https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F62982f3d-539f-4a8b-87fb-f917cae0ca38_2048x1536.jpeg&quot;,&quot;isProcessing&quot;:false,&quot;align&quot;:null,&quot;offset&quot;:false}" class="sizing-normal" alt="" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!waOE!,w_424,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F62982f3d-539f-4a8b-87fb-f917cae0ca38_2048x1536.jpeg 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!waOE!,w_848,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F62982f3d-539f-4a8b-87fb-f917cae0ca38_2048x1536.jpeg 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!waOE!,w_1272,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F62982f3d-539f-4a8b-87fb-f917cae0ca38_2048x1536.jpeg 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!waOE!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F62982f3d-539f-4a8b-87fb-f917cae0ca38_2048x1536.jpeg 1456w" sizes="100vw" fetchpriority="high"></picture><div class="image-link-expand"><div class="pencraft pc-display-flex pc-gap-8 pc-reset"><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container restack-image"><svg aria-hidden="true" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 20 20" fill="none" stroke-width="1.5" stroke="var(--color-fg-primary)" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><g><path d="M2.53001 7.81595C3.49179 4.73911 6.43281 2.5 9.91173 2.5C13.1684 2.5 15.9537 4.46214 17.0852 7.23684L17.6179 8.67647M17.6179 8.67647L18.5002 4.26471M17.6179 8.67647L13.6473 6.91176M17.4995 12.1841C16.5378 15.2609 13.5967 17.5 10.1178 17.5C6.86118 17.5 4.07589 15.5379 2.94432 12.7632L2.41165 11.3235M2.41165 11.3235L1.5293 15.7353M2.41165 11.3235L6.38224 13.0882"></path></g></svg></button><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container view-image"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-maximize2 lucide-maximize-2"><polyline points="15 3 21 3 21 9"></polyline><polyline points="9 21 3 21 3 15"></polyline><line x1="21" x2="14" y1="3" y2="10"></line><line x1="3" x2="10" y1="21" y2="14"></line></svg></button></div></div></div></a></figure></div><p><em>The holy land?</em></p><p></p><p>A modern animism could also give us a new political approach, as we begin to hold the right things sacred. It could give us guidance when we face difficult societal choices: growing economy and increased prosperity or long-term harmony and survival?</p><p>The poet G&#246;ran Palm can show the way for a more skeptical attitude to the role of the economy in the world:</p><p>When our economists ask us to</p><p>Take into account the &#8220;realities&#8221;</p><p>They never mean the laws of nature,</p><p>The true realities,</p><p>Which have begun to set limits to our luxurious lives,</p><p>They only mean the laws of the market.</p><p>But for Nature, it is our laws</p><p>that are fictitious.</p><p>If we open ourselves to an animistic approach to the world around us, it will hopefully lead to a rethinking of the destructive notion of humans as the rulers of nature and to putting nature&#8217;s boundaries at the center.</p><p>The holy land is <em>here</em> &#8211; as in everywhere. That is how we must begin to think and feel. It is the growth of nature that is sacred, not the growth of the economy. It is the ecosystems that we need to protect at all costs, not the economic system. It is the community and cooperation with the places we inhabit and all the other creatures that live there that we should respect, not the competition.</p><p>Before Christianity came to the Nordic countries, we lived with rites at sacred places in the landscape. We strengthened our ties with what we perceived to be in special contact with the gods and which contributed to our survival. The churches of Christianity were built on top of what had previously been such sacred places. God was trapped in a building instead of having his abode among trees, rocks and streams.</p><div class="pullquote"><h3><strong> &#8220;We don&#8217;t have to feel that nature is sacred, it is enough to start acting as if it is, based on a strong awareness that we are interconnected with everything. &#8220;</strong></h3></div><p>It was in the human that God was to be sought and the ties to nature were to be severed. Now it is time to turn things around again. We can move church services outdoors. And not only them. Political meetings can be held under the open sky; the openings of parliaments can take place in the open, perhaps be moved between various national parks. The UN Assembly can occasionally move out into one of the wilder parts of Central Park. Some of the EU summits can be held outdoors in the presidency countries. If it rains, we can put up rain shelters, but let it be wall-less so that everyone can see the trees and flowers outside and can be reached by the wind, birdsong and scents. Then nature becomes one of the delegates of the meeting.</p><p>If we feel uncomfortable with concepts like spirituality and consonance (as I have done for a long time), do we have to look for other ways forward than animism? No. We don&#8217;t have to feel that nature is sacred, it is enough to start acting as if it is, based on a strong awareness that we are interconnected with everything. If we make every decision on the premise that what must be protected and prioritized at all costs is the ability of ecosystems to give and sustain life, then animism can become a political force without having to go work through concepts like sacredness and spirituality.</p><p class="button-wrapper" data-attrs="{&quot;url&quot;:&quot;https://evalottahultn.substack.com/subscribe?&quot;,&quot;text&quot;:&quot;Subscribe now&quot;,&quot;action&quot;:null,&quot;class&quot;:null}" data-component-name="ButtonCreateButton"><a class="button primary" href="https://evalottahultn.substack.com/subscribe?"><span>Subscribe now</span></a></p><p>In the book <em>Down to Earth. Politics in the new climatic regime</em>, the philosopher and sociologist Bruno Latour describes how we have for long politically been moving from the Local to the Global, in our pursuit of modernity. The Global is seen as synonymous with future, development and profit. The Local contains traditions, habits and a sense of place. Those who want to return to the Local are seen as backward. As more and more people discover that they are not winners on the path to the Global, we see a flight to the local sense of belonging that is contained in nationalism and patriotism. (There are similarities between Latour&#8217;s terms Local-Global and what is called the GAL-TAN scale.)</p><p>The political right and political left both move along the axis of modernity that spans between the Local and the Global, but in different directions on different issues. Latour believes that we must now introduce a third pole into our political consciousness, and he has named that pole The Terrestrial.</p><p>The Terrestrial is tied to the earth and the ground and its boundaries and can be related to regardless of where on the local-global scale one is. The Terrestrial will force us to redefine what we mean by things like progress and setbacks, according to Latour. New starting points and new alliances must be formed.</p><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!Ew91!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fe9b9113d-7866-4ca7-a21c-5b8636360cc6_400x252.jpeg" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!Ew91!,w_424,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fe9b9113d-7866-4ca7-a21c-5b8636360cc6_400x252.jpeg 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!Ew91!,w_848,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fe9b9113d-7866-4ca7-a21c-5b8636360cc6_400x252.jpeg 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!Ew91!,w_1272,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fe9b9113d-7866-4ca7-a21c-5b8636360cc6_400x252.jpeg 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!Ew91!,w_1456,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fe9b9113d-7866-4ca7-a21c-5b8636360cc6_400x252.jpeg 1456w" sizes="100vw"><img src="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!Ew91!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fe9b9113d-7866-4ca7-a21c-5b8636360cc6_400x252.jpeg" width="400" height="252" data-attrs="{&quot;src&quot;:&quot;https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/e9b9113d-7866-4ca7-a21c-5b8636360cc6_400x252.jpeg&quot;,&quot;srcNoWatermark&quot;:null,&quot;fullscreen&quot;:null,&quot;imageSize&quot;:null,&quot;height&quot;:252,&quot;width&quot;:400,&quot;resizeWidth&quot;:null,&quot;bytes&quot;:15300,&quot;alt&quot;:null,&quot;title&quot;:null,&quot;type&quot;:&quot;image/jpeg&quot;,&quot;href&quot;:null,&quot;belowTheFold&quot;:true,&quot;topImage&quot;:false,&quot;internalRedirect&quot;:&quot;https://evalottahultn.substack.com/i/192612199?img=https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fe9b9113d-7866-4ca7-a21c-5b8636360cc6_400x252.jpeg&quot;,&quot;isProcessing&quot;:false,&quot;align&quot;:null,&quot;offset&quot;:false}" class="sizing-normal" alt="" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!Ew91!,w_424,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fe9b9113d-7866-4ca7-a21c-5b8636360cc6_400x252.jpeg 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!Ew91!,w_848,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fe9b9113d-7866-4ca7-a21c-5b8636360cc6_400x252.jpeg 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!Ew91!,w_1272,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fe9b9113d-7866-4ca7-a21c-5b8636360cc6_400x252.jpeg 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!Ew91!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fe9b9113d-7866-4ca7-a21c-5b8636360cc6_400x252.jpeg 1456w" sizes="100vw" loading="lazy"></picture><div class="image-link-expand"><div class="pencraft pc-display-flex pc-gap-8 pc-reset"><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container restack-image"><svg aria-hidden="true" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 20 20" fill="none" stroke-width="1.5" stroke="var(--color-fg-primary)" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><g><path d="M2.53001 7.81595C3.49179 4.73911 6.43281 2.5 9.91173 2.5C13.1684 2.5 15.9537 4.46214 17.0852 7.23684L17.6179 8.67647M17.6179 8.67647L18.5002 4.26471M17.6179 8.67647L13.6473 6.91176M17.4995 12.1841C16.5378 15.2609 13.5967 17.5 10.1178 17.5C6.86118 17.5 4.07589 15.5379 2.94432 12.7632L2.41165 11.3235M2.41165 11.3235L1.5293 15.7353M2.41165 11.3235L6.38224 13.0882"></path></g></svg></button><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container view-image"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-maximize2 lucide-maximize-2"><polyline points="15 3 21 3 21 9"></polyline><polyline points="9 21 3 21 3 15"></polyline><line x1="21" x2="14" y1="3" y2="10"></line><line x1="3" x2="10" y1="21" y2="14"></line></svg></button></div></div></div></a><figcaption class="image-caption">Bruno Latour 1947-2022</figcaption></figure></div><p>When green parties have previously tried to position themselves somewhere in the middle of the scale between right and left, refused to relate to it or tried to transcend the gap between what we perceive as modern and outdated, they have failed because their ideas have been perceived as unrealistic. But Latour believes that we may already be starting to see a change. Are we starting to ask ourselves whether we are Modern or Terrestrial? He imagines how one could refuse to position oneself on the right-left scale, or refuse to relate to the concepts of Local and Global as they are currently used, and instead call oneself radically terrestrial. This opens up for new positions that we need to discover and investigate. Preferably before the &#8220;extremist moderns&#8221; have completely destroyed the scene.</p><p>The word &#8220;rationality&#8221; has been kidnapped by our conception of modernity, writes Latour. Therefore, we have been able to judge projects as realistic even though we have not taken into account the effects they will have on the earth.</p><div class="pullquote"><h3>&#8220;To do this, we must get out of the realm of economism, which both the left and the right find themselves in, and away from the religion of the market. &#8220;</h3></div><p>To portray the Terrestrial in a way that is taken seriously, we need all the sciences, but in different ways than now. We must also begin to see ourselves in a new way, writes Latour. We humans are actors among other actors. We must learn to live together with all other organisms because we are all terrestrial. To do this, we must get out of the realm of economism, which both the left and the right find themselves in, and away from the religion of the market. We must both connect ourselves to the earth in the sense of the place where we live, and to the world as a whole.</p><p>The role of the economy needs to change from having as its primary goal increasing growth and satisfying everyone&#8217;s desires to satisfying everyone&#8217;s needs.</p>]]></content:encoded></item><item><title><![CDATA[Tordyveln flyger i skymningen]]></title><description><![CDATA[I en av mina favoritb&#246;cker alla kategorier presenterade Maria Gripe Friedrich Schellings filosofi: "Allt levande h&#246;rer samman."]]></description><link>https://evalottahultn.substack.com/p/tordyveln-flyger-i-skymningen</link><guid isPermaLink="false">https://evalottahultn.substack.com/p/tordyveln-flyger-i-skymningen</guid><dc:creator><![CDATA[Eva-Lotta Hultén]]></dc:creator><pubDate>Sun, 22 Feb 2026 19:20:52 GMT</pubDate><enclosure url="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!UJC8!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F76874798-53d4-471a-8aea-634fec5c79b7_522x805.heic" length="0" type="image/jpeg"/><content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>&#8221;Allt levande h&#246;rer samman.&#8221; Orden &#228;r den fiktive linn&#233;l&#228;rljungen Andreas Wiiks ord, i Maria Gripes &#228;lskade ber&#228;ttelse Tordyveln flyger i skymningen. I breven till sin hemligt trolovade, Emelie, skriver Andreas om hur han insett att allt som lever har en gemensam &#8221;allsj&#228;l&#8221; och att allt levande d&#228;rf&#246;r kan kommunicera med, och genom allt annat som lever.</p><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!UJC8!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F76874798-53d4-471a-8aea-634fec5c79b7_522x805.heic" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!UJC8!,w_424,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F76874798-53d4-471a-8aea-634fec5c79b7_522x805.heic 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!UJC8!,w_848,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F76874798-53d4-471a-8aea-634fec5c79b7_522x805.heic 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!UJC8!,w_1272,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F76874798-53d4-471a-8aea-634fec5c79b7_522x805.heic 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!UJC8!,w_1456,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F76874798-53d4-471a-8aea-634fec5c79b7_522x805.heic 1456w" sizes="100vw"><img src="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!UJC8!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F76874798-53d4-471a-8aea-634fec5c79b7_522x805.heic" width="522" height="805" data-attrs="{&quot;src&quot;:&quot;https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/76874798-53d4-471a-8aea-634fec5c79b7_522x805.heic&quot;,&quot;srcNoWatermark&quot;:null,&quot;fullscreen&quot;:null,&quot;imageSize&quot;:null,&quot;height&quot;:805,&quot;width&quot;:522,&quot;resizeWidth&quot;:null,&quot;bytes&quot;:78725,&quot;alt&quot;:null,&quot;title&quot;:null,&quot;type&quot;:&quot;image/heic&quot;,&quot;href&quot;:null,&quot;belowTheFold&quot;:false,&quot;topImage&quot;:true,&quot;internalRedirect&quot;:&quot;https://evalottahultn.substack.com/i/188824446?img=https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F76874798-53d4-471a-8aea-634fec5c79b7_522x805.heic&quot;,&quot;isProcessing&quot;:false,&quot;align&quot;:null,&quot;offset&quot;:false}" class="sizing-normal" alt="" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!UJC8!,w_424,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F76874798-53d4-471a-8aea-634fec5c79b7_522x805.heic 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!UJC8!,w_848,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F76874798-53d4-471a-8aea-634fec5c79b7_522x805.heic 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!UJC8!,w_1272,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F76874798-53d4-471a-8aea-634fec5c79b7_522x805.heic 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!UJC8!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F76874798-53d4-471a-8aea-634fec5c79b7_522x805.heic 1456w" sizes="100vw" fetchpriority="high"></picture><div class="image-link-expand"><div class="pencraft pc-display-flex pc-gap-8 pc-reset"><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container restack-image"><svg aria-hidden="true" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 20 20" fill="none" stroke-width="1.5" stroke="var(--color-fg-primary)" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><g><path d="M2.53001 7.81595C3.49179 4.73911 6.43281 2.5 9.91173 2.5C13.1684 2.5 15.9537 4.46214 17.0852 7.23684L17.6179 8.67647M17.6179 8.67647L18.5002 4.26471M17.6179 8.67647L13.6473 6.91176M17.4995 12.1841C16.5378 15.2609 13.5967 17.5 10.1178 17.5C6.86118 17.5 4.07589 15.5379 2.94432 12.7632L2.41165 11.3235M2.41165 11.3235L1.5293 15.7353M2.41165 11.3235L6.38224 13.0882"></path></g></svg></button><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container view-image"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-maximize2 lucide-maximize-2"><polyline points="15 3 21 3 21 9"></polyline><polyline points="9 21 3 21 3 15"></polyline><line x1="21" x2="14" y1="3" y2="10"></line><line x1="3" x2="10" y1="21" y2="14"></line></svg></button></div></div></div></a></figure></div><p>De mystiska inslagen i Maria Gripes f&#246;rfattarskap &#228;r starkast i &#8221;Tordyveln flyger i skymningen&#8221; och &#8221;Agnes Cecilia &#8211; en s&#228;llsam historia&#8221;. Samh&#246;righet &#246;ver b&#229;de tid och rum manifesterar och materialiserar sig och byggnader kan b&#228;ra minnen och f&#246;rmedla budskap. S&#228;rskilt i Tordyveln flyger i skymningen bist&#229;r v&#228;xter och djur i kommunikationen. Skalbaggar och krukv&#228;xter leder protagonisterna till viktiga ledtr&#229;dar p&#229; g&#229;tans l&#246;sning &#8211; var finns den egyptiska staty som Andreas Wiik hemf&#246;rde fr&#229;n Egypten?</p><p>Redan tidigare i sitt f&#246;rfattarskap, ocks&#229; i sina mer realistiska ber&#228;ttelser, skildrade emellertid Maria Gripe en stark n&#228;rhet till och kommunikation med naturen genom flera av sina karakt&#228;rer. Hugo, i Hugo och Josefin, &#228;r en trygg skogsvarelse som kommer till m&#228;nniskornas v&#228;rld med ett budskap: skoll&#228;rarinnan f&#229;r veta att hon har h&#229;llits f&#246;r lite i skogen och f&#246;r mycket i skolan och att det &#228;r d&#228;rf&#246;r hon bekymrar sig s&#229; mycket. N&#228;r Hugos f&#246;r misshandel f&#228;ngelsed&#246;mda far &#173;&#8211; kolaren som blev fabriksarbetare &#8211; kommer p&#229; tal s&#228;ger Hugo lugnt att &#8221;Skogen ska en inte &#246;verge. D&#229; g&#229;r d&#228; illa.&#8221;</p><p>Ocks&#229; Loella i Pappa Pellerins dotter, &#228;r ett sagov&#228;sen som h&#246;r ihop med naturen. Ying Toijer Nilsson beskriver hennes relation till skogen s&#229;h&#228;r, i sin Gripebiografi &#8221;Skuggornas f&#246;rtrogna&#8221;: &#8221;Den sp&#229;nt&#228;ckta stugan &#228;r n&#228;stan osynlig, insn&#228;rjd i slingerv&#228;xter och med gr&#228;s p&#229; taket. V&#228;drets makter st&#229;r p&#229; hennes sida, blixten laddar ur sig framf&#246;r barnav&#229;rdsn&#228;mndens representanter, stigen &#228;r villsam och ol&#228;ndig, yrv&#228;der hindrar moderns bekanta som kommer f&#246;r att h&#228;mta barnen.&#8221;</p><p>I Gripes v&#228;rld samspelar vi med naturen och talar med och genom den.</p><p>Maria Gripe v&#228;xte upp i &#214;rebro men trivdes inte i stadens flickskola och n&#228;r det var dags f&#246;r vidare utbildning fick det bli Enskilda gymnasiet i Stockholm. Hon bodde inackorderad, och i rummet hon hyrde fanns filosofen Friedrich von Schellings samlade verk p&#229; tyska, som hon l&#228;ste. Det &#228;r hans naturfilosofi som hon kl&#228;r i Andreas Wiiks ord, och ger gestalt i Tordyveln flyger i skymningen.</p><p>Friedrich von Schelling var verksam kring sekelskiftet 1800 och fram&#229;t och ingick i den intellektuella kretsen i staden Jena. Han r&#228;knas till de tyska idealisterna och romantikerna. Schelling s&#229;g jaget och naturen som identiska. Sedan den franske filosofen Ren&#233; Descartes hade tillvaron ansetts kunna delas in i ande och materia, men Schelling menade allts&#229; att det var ett felaktigt antagande: &#8221;Mellan sinnet och naturen finns en hemlig f&#246;rbindelse&#8221;, h&#228;vdade han.</p><p>I st&#228;llet f&#246;r den mekanistiska v&#228;rld som upplysningen m&#229;lat fram, d&#228;r m&#228;nniskor, djur och v&#228;xter var att betrakta n&#228;rmast som maskiner, s&#229; skrev Schelling om ett enhetligt v&#228;rldsallt &#8211; den &#8221;allsj&#228;l&#8221; som Maria Gripe l&#229;ter Andreas Wiik skriva om i sina brev till Emelie. En id&#233; som Schelling i sin tur kan ha h&#228;mtat inspiration till fr&#229;n de indiska Upanishaderna, de gamla indiska filosofiska skrifterna, som han var en l&#228;sare av. I dem beskrivs en panteistisk v&#228;rld d&#228;r allt har en gemensam ande, brahman. Gud och naturen &#228;r ett.</p><p>Allting, f&#246;rklarade Schelling, i den andan, &#8221;var f&#246;rbundet med vartannat och utgjorde en enda universell organism&#8221; &#8211; fr&#229;n grodor till tr&#228;d, stenar, insekter, floder och m&#228;nniskor. Ande &#228;r osynlig natur, medan naturen &#228;r synlig ande &#8211; en central tes f&#246;r romantiken.</p><p>Efter sin studentexamen l&#228;ste Maria Gripe filosofi och religionshistoria vid Stockholms h&#246;gskola och romantiken intresserade henne s&#228;rskilt. Ocks&#229; Friedrich Schiller, pseudonymen Novalis och Johann Gotlieb Fichte g&#229;r att sp&#229;ra i hennes b&#246;cker. Liksom svenske Atterbom. Och Arthur Schopenhauer, som v&#228;l inte riktigt kan r&#228;knas till romantikerna men var verksam under samma tid. Gripe var bel&#228;st och ville f&#229; sina unga l&#228;sare att reflektera. Vilket breven till henne visar att hon ocks&#229; lyckades med. &#8221;Den d&#228;r Schopenhauer verkar bra. Var f&#229;r man tag p&#229; hans b&#246;cker?&#8221;, skrev en ung l&#228;sare till henne.</p><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!u3pO!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fd8b4e924-6d3e-4434-9dec-43185b0cf626_1433x819.heic" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!u3pO!,w_424,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fd8b4e924-6d3e-4434-9dec-43185b0cf626_1433x819.heic 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!u3pO!,w_848,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fd8b4e924-6d3e-4434-9dec-43185b0cf626_1433x819.heic 848w, 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data-attrs="{&quot;src&quot;:&quot;https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/d8b4e924-6d3e-4434-9dec-43185b0cf626_1433x819.heic&quot;,&quot;srcNoWatermark&quot;:null,&quot;fullscreen&quot;:null,&quot;imageSize&quot;:null,&quot;height&quot;:819,&quot;width&quot;:1433,&quot;resizeWidth&quot;:null,&quot;bytes&quot;:126591,&quot;alt&quot;:null,&quot;title&quot;:null,&quot;type&quot;:&quot;image/heic&quot;,&quot;href&quot;:null,&quot;belowTheFold&quot;:true,&quot;topImage&quot;:false,&quot;internalRedirect&quot;:&quot;https://evalottahultn.substack.com/i/188824446?img=https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fd8b4e924-6d3e-4434-9dec-43185b0cf626_1433x819.heic&quot;,&quot;isProcessing&quot;:false,&quot;align&quot;:null,&quot;offset&quot;:false}" class="sizing-normal" alt="" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!u3pO!,w_424,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fd8b4e924-6d3e-4434-9dec-43185b0cf626_1433x819.heic 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!u3pO!,w_848,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fd8b4e924-6d3e-4434-9dec-43185b0cf626_1433x819.heic 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!u3pO!,w_1272,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fd8b4e924-6d3e-4434-9dec-43185b0cf626_1433x819.heic 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!u3pO!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fd8b4e924-6d3e-4434-9dec-43185b0cf626_1433x819.heic 1456w" sizes="100vw" loading="lazy"></picture><div class="image-link-expand"><div class="pencraft pc-display-flex pc-gap-8 pc-reset"><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container restack-image"><svg aria-hidden="true" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 20 20" fill="none" stroke-width="1.5" stroke="var(--color-fg-primary)" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><g><path d="M2.53001 7.81595C3.49179 4.73911 6.43281 2.5 9.91173 2.5C13.1684 2.5 15.9537 4.46214 17.0852 7.23684L17.6179 8.67647M17.6179 8.67647L18.5002 4.26471M17.6179 8.67647L13.6473 6.91176M17.4995 12.1841C16.5378 15.2609 13.5967 17.5 10.1178 17.5C6.86118 17.5 4.07589 15.5379 2.94432 12.7632L2.41165 11.3235M2.41165 11.3235L1.5293 15.7353M2.41165 11.3235L6.38224 13.0882"></path></g></svg></button><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container view-image"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-maximize2 lucide-maximize-2"><polyline points="15 3 21 3 21 9"></polyline><polyline points="9 21 3 21 3 15"></polyline><line x1="21" x2="14" y1="3" y2="10"></line><line x1="3" x2="10" y1="21" y2="14"></line></svg></button></div></div></div></a></figure></div><p><em>&#196;ven SVT-serien som kom i h&#246;stas &#228;r mycket fin!</em></p><p>I Tordyveln flyger i skymningen l&#229;ter hon huvudpersonerna Jonas 13 &#229;r, Annika 15 och David 16 &#229;r, samtala om de stora id&#233;er som Andreas Wiik ger uttryck f&#246;r, det vill s&#228;ga Schellings tankar om det levande som ett enda sammanh&#246;rande medvetande. Andreas Wiik bad Emelie att f&#246;rvalta hans brev och hon g&#246;mmer dem under en golvtilja. I ett meddelande till dem som hittar g&#246;mman ber hon att de ska l&#228;gga tillbaka Andreas skrifter igen, om deras tid &#228;r &#8221;lika of&#246;rnuftig och oaktsam om livet som min egen.&#8221; &#196;r tiden mogen nu, funderar David, Jonas och Annika. Kanske &#228;r ingen tid mogen f&#246;r s&#229;dana tankar? Men kanske kan alla tider &#246;ppna sig f&#246;r dem?</p><p>Schelling var en oerh&#246;rt popul&#228;r f&#246;rel&#228;sare vid universitetet i Jena men hans id&#233;er har g&#229;tt stick i st&#228;v med modernitetens f&#246;rh&#228;rskande naturvetenskap och har kritiserats och f&#246;rl&#246;jligats, b&#229;de i hans egen tid och fram till v&#229;ra dagar. Samtidigt har andra filosofer fortsatt att inspireras av honom och i Schellings intellektuella krets av v&#228;nner och bekanta i Jena l&#228;t sig flera av de andra p&#229;verkas av honom. En av dem var Alexander von Humboldt och de tv&#229; brevv&#228;xlade. N&#228;r Humboldt dog 1859 var han sin tids mest ber&#246;mde vetenskapsman, med banbrytande forskning inom en hel rad naturvetenskapliga discipliner, och uppfinnare av n&#229;gra nya, som oceanografi och klimatologi. Historikern och f&#246;rfattaren Andrea Wulf som skrivit en biografi &#246;ver Humboldt kallar honom f&#246;r &#8221;naturvetenskapernas Shakespeare.&#8221; Humboldt beskrev, i v&#228;nnen Schellings anda, jorden som en organism som pulserade av liv, ett sammanh&#228;ngande helt d&#228;r allting &#228;r f&#246;rbundet med vartannat i ett n&#228;t av organiskt liv. Idag har denna tanke allt starkare st&#246;d av naturvetenskapen. James Lovelocks s&#229; kallade Gaiateori &#8211; att hela jorden fungerar som ett enda levande, sammanh&#228;ngande system, blir alltmer etablerad. Kvantfysiken visar p&#229; m&#246;jlig kommunikation p&#229; partikelniv&#229; &#246;ver stora avst&#229;nd, och ny forskning p&#229; psykedelika som ger starka upplevelser av att h&#246;ra ihop med v&#228;rldsalltet visar att detta har en l&#228;kande effekt p&#229; depressioner.</p><p>Schellings id&#233;er om en f&#246;rbunden v&#228;rld tycks i v&#229;r tid komma till oss fr&#229;n olika h&#229;ll. De ser ocks&#229; ut att kunna bli ett viktigt verktyg f&#246;r att finna n&#246;dv&#228;ndiga nya f&#246;rh&#229;llningss&#228;tt till, och f&#246;rst&#229;else av v&#229;r omv&#228;rld, i klimatkrisens tid. Allt levande h&#246;rer samman. &#196;r vi mogna f&#246;r att ta till oss den tanken? &#196;r vi tillr&#228;ckligt lyh&#246;rda f&#246;r att f&#246;lja de sp&#229;r som tordyveln l&#228;gger ut?</p><p></p><p>I <a href="https://www.sverigesradio.se/avsnitt/forfattarens-filosof-maria-gripe-och-friedrich-schelling">OBS i P1 f&#246;rra veckan</a>. F&#246;r den som inte hittat till <a href="https://www.sverigesradio.se/obs">OBS</a>: det &#228;r en guldgruva! </p>]]></content:encoded></item><item><title><![CDATA[Extrembehaviorismens tidevarv – är det det vi vill leva i?]]></title><description><![CDATA[Extrembehaviorism &#228;r l&#246;sningen p&#229; svenska skolans problem. Det &#228;r vad allt fler politiker och andra skoldebatt&#246;rer h&#228;vdar. No excuses-pedagogiken lyfts fram som en mirakelmedicin. &#196;r den det?]]></description><link>https://evalottahultn.substack.com/p/extrembehaviorismens-tidevarv-ar</link><guid isPermaLink="false">https://evalottahultn.substack.com/p/extrembehaviorismens-tidevarv-ar</guid><dc:creator><![CDATA[Eva-Lotta Hultén]]></dc:creator><pubDate>Tue, 03 Feb 2026 08:20:51 GMT</pubDate><enclosure url="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!djID!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F1d875ae9-ceba-4de6-923b-5546740a18e7_3637x2109.jpeg" length="0" type="image/jpeg"/><content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Extrembehaviorism &#8211; &#228;r det l&#246;sningen p&#229; svenska skolans problem? Det &#228;r vad allt fler politiker och andra skoldebatt&#246;rer h&#228;vdar. No excuses-pedagogiken lyfts fram som en mirakelmedicin. &#196;r den det?</p><p>Denna text skrev jag f&#246;r GP f&#246;r drygt 13 &#229;r sedan och den handlar om det No excuses-inspirerade svenska skolprogrammet Quadriceps. Intentionerna var goda: att hj&#228;lpa st&#246;kiga och l&#229;gpresterande elever till h&#246;ga resultat &#8211; hur gick det med det? Det visade sig ocks&#229; finnas ett pris. &#196;r vi beredda att betala det?</p><p>Texten publicerades p&#229; GP:s kultursida h&#246;sten 2012:</p><p>&#8220;Ordning och reda, allt fokus p&#229; de m&#228;tbara kunskapsresultaten och l&#228;raren som en tydlig och stark ledare. Det &#228;r Jan Bj&#246;rklunds fr&#228;msta recept f&#246;r en framg&#229;ngsrik skola. Om bara l&#228;rarna blir b&#228;ttre p&#229; att ta kommandot och man v&#228;ljer att s&#228;tta traditionell kunskap i centrum s&#229; kommer den svenska skolan att f&#229; sin efterl&#228;ngtade uppryckning och kunna t&#228;vla om t&#228;tpositionerna i de internationella ligorna (f&#246;rl&#229;t, kunskapsm&#228;tningarna). Mer auktoritet, mer katederundervisning och tydligare regler allts&#229;. Problemet &#228;r bara att detta redan testats p&#229; ett ganska stort antal skolor i Sverige, utan n&#229;gra resultat p&#229; kunskapsniv&#229;erna.</p><p>Quadricepsprogrammet, som det senaste decenniet pr&#246;vats och/eller anammats av ett hundratal svenska skolor, h&#228;mtar sin grund ur den praktik som utvecklats p&#229; Lorraine Monroes skolor i Harlem. Man framh&#229;ller att kunskapsm&#229;len s&#228;tts fr&#228;mst och pekar p&#229; vikten av att ha h&#246;ga f&#246;rv&#228;ntningar p&#229; eleverna, ett tydligt pedagogiskt ledarskap och goda relationer mellan l&#228;rare och elev samt en gemensam v&#228;rdegrund och tydliga regler i skolan. I praktiken inneb&#228;r detta att varje lektion ska inledas enligt ett visst m&#246;nster, l&#228;rarnas bem&#246;tande av eleverna standardiseras och goda prestationer premieras med diplom och appl&#229;der. Skolans regler best&#228;ms av l&#228;rarna och eleverna ska l&#228;ra sig dem utantill (reglerna ska ocks&#229; g&#228;rna sitta uppsatta &#246;verallt i skolan). L&#228;rarna ska vara goda f&#246;rebilder genom att kl&#228; sig och f&#246;ra sig som h&#246;gt uppsatta samh&#228;llsrepresentanter och elevernas egna liv och erfarenheter ska h&#229;llas utanf&#246;r skolan och inte till&#229;tas p&#229;verka undervisningen. L&#228;rarna ses som obestridliga auktoriteter och eleverna f&#229;r l&#228;ra sig att alla som vill kan lyckas bara de anstr&#228;nger sig. Sammantaget &#228;r programmet allts&#229; utfor</p><p>mat helt i enlighet med den nu f&#246;rda skolpolitiken.</p><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!djID!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F1d875ae9-ceba-4de6-923b-5546740a18e7_3637x2109.jpeg" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!djID!,w_424,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F1d875ae9-ceba-4de6-923b-5546740a18e7_3637x2109.jpeg 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!djID!,w_848,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F1d875ae9-ceba-4de6-923b-5546740a18e7_3637x2109.jpeg 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!djID!,w_1272,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F1d875ae9-ceba-4de6-923b-5546740a18e7_3637x2109.jpeg 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!djID!,w_1456,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F1d875ae9-ceba-4de6-923b-5546740a18e7_3637x2109.jpeg 1456w" sizes="100vw"><img src="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!djID!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F1d875ae9-ceba-4de6-923b-5546740a18e7_3637x2109.jpeg" width="1456" height="844" data-attrs="{&quot;src&quot;:&quot;https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/1d875ae9-ceba-4de6-923b-5546740a18e7_3637x2109.jpeg&quot;,&quot;srcNoWatermark&quot;:null,&quot;fullscreen&quot;:null,&quot;imageSize&quot;:null,&quot;height&quot;:844,&quot;width&quot;:1456,&quot;resizeWidth&quot;:null,&quot;bytes&quot;:1101774,&quot;alt&quot;:null,&quot;title&quot;:null,&quot;type&quot;:&quot;image/jpeg&quot;,&quot;href&quot;:null,&quot;belowTheFold&quot;:false,&quot;topImage&quot;:true,&quot;internalRedirect&quot;:&quot;https://evalottahultn.substack.com/i/186713083?img=https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F1d875ae9-ceba-4de6-923b-5546740a18e7_3637x2109.jpeg&quot;,&quot;isProcessing&quot;:false,&quot;align&quot;:null,&quot;offset&quot;:false}" class="sizing-normal" alt="" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!djID!,w_424,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F1d875ae9-ceba-4de6-923b-5546740a18e7_3637x2109.jpeg 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!djID!,w_848,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F1d875ae9-ceba-4de6-923b-5546740a18e7_3637x2109.jpeg 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!djID!,w_1272,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F1d875ae9-ceba-4de6-923b-5546740a18e7_3637x2109.jpeg 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!djID!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F1d875ae9-ceba-4de6-923b-5546740a18e7_3637x2109.jpeg 1456w" sizes="100vw" fetchpriority="high"></picture><div class="image-link-expand"><div class="pencraft pc-display-flex pc-gap-8 pc-reset"><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container restack-image"><svg aria-hidden="true" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 20 20" fill="none" stroke-width="1.5" stroke="var(--color-fg-primary)" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><g><path d="M2.53001 7.81595C3.49179 4.73911 6.43281 2.5 9.91173 2.5C13.1684 2.5 15.9537 4.46214 17.0852 7.23684L17.6179 8.67647M17.6179 8.67647L18.5002 4.26471M17.6179 8.67647L13.6473 6.91176M17.4995 12.1841C16.5378 15.2609 13.5967 17.5 10.1178 17.5C6.86118 17.5 4.07589 15.5379 2.94432 12.7632L2.41165 11.3235M2.41165 11.3235L1.5293 15.7353M2.41165 11.3235L6.38224 13.0882"></path></g></svg></button><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container view-image"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-maximize2 lucide-maximize-2"><polyline points="15 3 21 3 21 9"></polyline><polyline points="9 21 3 21 3 15"></polyline><line x1="21" x2="14" y1="3" y2="10"></line><line x1="3" x2="10" y1="21" y2="14"></line></svg></button></div></div></div></a></figure></div><p><em>P&#229; tyska Jenaplanskolan t&#228;nker man tv&#228;rtemot Michaelaskolan. Elever tr&#228;nas i eget ansvarstagande fr&#229;n start och n&#229;r h&#246;ga resultat. P&#229; bilden en grupp elever som f&#246;rbereder en gruppresentation. Foto Eva-Lotta Hult&#233;n</em></p><p></p><p>&#8216;Inte en bra skola men en excellent&#8217; &#228;r harlemrektorn Lorraine Monroes motto och det &#228;r ocks&#229; s&#229; hon citeras i quadricepsmanualen <em>En framg&#229;ngsrik skola</em>. I den framh&#229;lls att det &#228;r kunskapsm&#229;len som ska prioriteras h&#246;gst i en quadricepsskola. S&#229; hur ser det d&#229; sammantaget ut med kunskapsutvecklingen p&#229; de skolor som arbetar utifr&#229;n quadriceps id&#233;er?</p><p>Stiftelsen Quadriceps har utsett ett tjugotal modellskolor d&#228;r man menar att programmet anv&#228;nds p&#229; ett f&#246;red&#246;mligt s&#228;tt. Med m&#228;tverktyget Salsa kan man se hur v&#228;l skolor lyckas i relation till sina f&#246;ruts&#228;ttningar. Om man presterar precis vad som kan f&#246;rv&#228;ntas ligger man p&#229; noll. F&#246;r n&#229;gra quadricepsskolor kan man se en svag utveckling mot h&#246;gre salsav&#228;rde, f&#246;r flertalet r&#246;r sig v&#228;rdet b&#229;de upp&#229;t och ned&#229;t och n&#229;gon skola har en svagt ned&#229;tg&#229;ende trend. Genomsnittet ligger p&#229; +2. Det &#228;r allts&#229; ungef&#228;r i niv&#229; med vad man kan f&#246;rv&#228;nta sig av dem. Detta p&#229; skolor som allts&#229; &#246;ppet s&#228;ger sig s&#228;tta kunskapsm&#229;len f&#246;re alla andra av l&#228;roplanens m&#229;l, och som arbetar helt i enlighet med den skolpolitik som f&#246;rs &#8211; och som har som fr&#228;msta m&#229;l just att h&#246;ja kunskapsresultaten.</p><p>Pedagogikforskaren Anneli Schwartz har f&#246;ljt en skola som arbetar enligt quadriceps&#8217; koncept och konstaterar i en artikel f&#246;r tidskriften <em>Demokrati och utbildning</em>: &#8221;Modellen tenderar att se eleverna som objekt f&#246;r l&#228;rarnas kunskapsf&#246;rmedling snarare &#228;n som subjekt med f&#246;rm&#229;ga att kritiskt och sj&#228;lvst&#228;ndigt granska, v&#228;rdera och reflektera. D&#228;rigenom utvecklas inte heller f&#246;rm&#229;gan att s&#228;tta in olika typer av kunskapsstoff i kontexter och orsakssammanhang.&#8221; Andan av att alla kan lyckas bara de vill och anstr&#228;nger sig ger dessutom budskapet att den som inte lyckas har sig sj&#228;lv att skylla och Anneli Schwartz konstaterar att eleverna delvis har genomsk&#229;dat l&#228;rarnas eviga mantra om att alla kan lyckas som falskt.</p><p>Inte bara saknar metodiken synbara effekter p&#229; de m&#228;tbara kunskapsresultaten utan den riskerar allts&#229; ocks&#229; att h&#228;mma elevernas f&#246;rm&#229;ga till mer komplext t&#228;nkande och ge dem bilden av att de f&#229;r skylla sig sj&#228;lva om de misslyckas. Forskaren Johannes Lunneblad konstaterar i nyutkomna antologin <em>F&#246;rorten, skolan och ungdomskulturen</em> (red Ove Sernhede) att Monroemodellen inte h&#228;mtar sin grund i psykologiska eller pedagogiska teorier utan i managementteorier. Han ser i appliceringen av monroepedagogik i svenska skolor en tydlig allians mellan konservativa och nyliberala intressen som f&#246;rs&#246;ker &#229;teruppr&#228;tta en traditionell skola med tydliga hierarkier. I den processen individualiseras problem som egentligen &#228;r strukturella.</p><p>Men kanske finns det andra f&#246;rdelar med metodiken? Programmet p&#229;st&#229;s &#246;ka elevernas trivsel och trygghet och de bekr&#228;ftas av Anneli Schwartz samt &#228;ven av andra som &#228;r insatta. Men i sin masteruppsats har sociologen Thomas Jacobsson tittat n&#228;rmare p&#229; mobbningsarbetet i en quadricepsskola. Han beskriver en skola d&#228;r eleverna i utbyte mot trygghet och omv&#229;rdnad f&#246;rv&#228;ntas lyda utan ifr&#229;gas&#228;ttande. Vad g&#228;ller sj&#228;lva mobbningsarbetet konstaterar han: &#8221;S&#229;lunda ligger tonvikten p&#229; &#246;vervakning och yttre kontroll och inte prim&#228;rt p&#229; att p&#229;verka processer i det sociala systemet som orsakar mobbning (genom att utveckla k&#228;nslom&#228;ssig kompetens).&#8221; Eleverna blir lydiga och anpassliga snarare &#228;n verkligt empatiska och solidariska med varandra.</p><p>Quadricepsprogrammet har skapats med de b&#228;sta intentioner och jag &#228;r &#246;vertygad om att de m&#229;nga rektorer och l&#228;rare som arbetar i enlighet med det g&#246;r det med barnens b&#228;sta f&#246;r sina &#246;gon. Hade metoderna varit de r&#228;tta borde allts&#229; f&#246;ruts&#228;ttningarna f&#246;r goda kunskapsreslutat vara alldeles utm&#228;rkta. &#196;nd&#229; syns inga n&#228;mnv&#228;rda effekter. Det &#228;r helt enkelt inte starkare ledare, mer regler och mer katederundervisning som &#228;r l&#246;sningen p&#229; skolans problem.&#8221;</p><p></p><p>S&#229; l&#229;ngt min text f&#246;r GP f&#246;r 13 &#229;r sedan. Men hur f&#246;rklarar jag d&#229; att Michaela community school (som &#228;r mycket mer extrem &#228;n Quadricepsskolorna) i <a href="https://www.gp.se/nyheter/varlden/har-ska-eleverna-titta-pa-lararen-annars-far-de-kvarsittning.c52cb61b-0000-4fab-9e8b-b9d909284f11">detta reportage i GP</a> nu h&#229;ller fram att skolans elever f&#229;r j&#228;ttegoda resultat? Jag har inget svar p&#229; det, men hoppas att det kommer i den forts&#228;ttning av granskningen som tidningens reporter utlovar. Kan det h&#228;nga ihop med att elever som inte klarar tempo eller krav hoppar av skolan? Att den brittiska skolan inte har ett lika brett kunskapsuppdrag som den svenska? Eller &#228;r detta verkligen kungsv&#228;gen till goda kunskapsresultat?</p><p>Men alldeles oavsett elevernas kunskapsm&#228;ssiga framg&#229;ngar &#8211; &#228;r de v&#228;rda priset? &#196;r det verkligen anpassliga, lydiga m&#228;nniskor vi beh&#246;ver n&#228;r v&#228;rlden brinner och fascismen breder ut sig?</p>]]></content:encoded></item><item><title><![CDATA[Man's arrogant imagination]]></title><description><![CDATA[Alongside the human-centered history of ideas, there has always been a somewhat hidden ecological humanism.]]></description><link>https://evalottahultn.substack.com/p/mans-arrogant-imagination</link><guid isPermaLink="false">https://evalottahultn.substack.com/p/mans-arrogant-imagination</guid><dc:creator><![CDATA[Eva-Lotta Hultén]]></dc:creator><pubDate>Fri, 23 Jan 2026 13:16:14 GMT</pubDate><enclosure url="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!FJFa!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F5c77627e-4ede-4ec0-9e05-5b0b6e4574df_1536x2048.jpeg" length="0" type="image/jpeg"/><content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>In an agricultural magazine a few years ago I found an advertisement for a device called the &#8220;Humane Killer&#8221;. It was a miniature guillotine, intended for slaughtering chickens. In the advertisement, the excellence of the killing tool was explained with the fact that the chicken owner didn&#8217;t get blood on his hands. The <em>humane</em> thing about it thus was that the person who killed didn&#8217;t get dirty.</p><p>This pretty much sums up the criticism I have of humanism quite well. It is, as the name suggests, human-centered and often self-righteous.</p><p>Humanism is the philosophical tradition that gives humans an intrinsic value. Concepts such as empathy and mercy are central, but also critical thinking, the pursuit of knowledge, reason and freedom. The Roman statesman Cicero was one of the first to use the word &#8217;humanitas&#8217; in a value-based way, synonymous with benevolence and goodness, just over 2,000 years ago. He was an important precursor to the anthropocentric humanism that has prevailed since the Renaissance, i.e. the idea that man is exceptional and should be placed at the center of everything.</p><p>An important element of this tradition of thought has long been the criticism of religion, or freethinking, which has established that human morality should be based on reason and compassion and not on imagined divine decrees. But freethinkers and religious dogmatists largely base their ideas on the same thought: man as the measure of all things.</p><p>The originally religious idea that man is different from all other creatures and that this gives us the right to rule over them is a notion whose shortcomings in the face of climate change and environmental destruction become embarrassingly obvious. In addition, there is a climate of debate in which individuals constantly confuse their own opinions with objective reason and use themselves as a yardstick. Since I am rational, they seem to think, opinions that contradict mine must be due to others being dumber than me.</p><p>The same lame inference technique applies to humanity as a group: since we are rational, everything we do must be reasonable. And if we happen to have put ourselves in a situation where we are undermining our own chances of life, we are so exceptionally smart that we will invent technical solutions to the problem.</p><p>Humanism&#8217;s worship of reason creates a thought trap that leads to a lack of sensitivity and, at worst, pure hubris. We are not rational, but only good at rationalizing our own desires and interests. If we remain aware of this and watch ourselves, we at least have a slightly better chance of thinking and acting more rationally, for real.</p><p>Could modern humanism be brought to question its blindness and inherent self-overestimation? Perhaps by tracing its own footsteps. The notions of man as a unique master and the crown of creation have certainly been dominant but not exclusive. The essayist Michel de Montaigne, wrote as early as the 16th century that man suffered from &#8220;arrogant imagination&#8221; when we attributed divine qualities to ourselves and distanced ourselves from the mass of other creatures. He was skeptical that man would have any built-in rationality to lean on and stated that &#8220;The more I spend time with myself and the more I get to know myself, the more I am amazed by my formlessness and the less I understand of myself.&#8221;</p><p>A broader and more exploratory humanism continued to develop during the 16th and 17th centuries. In her book &#8220;Free Thought,&#8221; literature professor Carin Franz&#233;n highlights some of the women who contributed: Queen Margaret of Navarre, Swedish Queen Christina, the French writer and courtesan Anne de Lenclos and the French poet Antoinette Deshouli&#232;res. They were active in the social debate of their time, cultural salons and conversations; contemplated what bodily experience means for thinking and anchored man in his physical surroundings. In their short stories, poems and maxims they dealt with the importance of passions, questioned the worship of reason and anthropocentrism of their time and criticized the human predatory behavior towards nature. Franz&#233;n calls them not only freethinkers but also libertines.</p><p>The word that first designated a freed slave began to be used derogatorily in the 16th century for people who had freed themselves from religion and morality. But Franz&#233;n believes that libertinism contains many interesting lines of thought that have to do with our relationship to the body and nature.</p><p>Libertines tended to lean towards a naturalistic philosophy of the Epicurean type. They affirmed pleasure, sensuality and contact with nature. Many were early sympathizers of the philosopher Spinoza, who has been described as a pantheist, with his thoughts that God and nature are almost synonymous concepts.</p><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!FJFa!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F5c77627e-4ede-4ec0-9e05-5b0b6e4574df_1536x2048.jpeg" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!FJFa!,w_424,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F5c77627e-4ede-4ec0-9e05-5b0b6e4574df_1536x2048.jpeg 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!FJFa!,w_848,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F5c77627e-4ede-4ec0-9e05-5b0b6e4574df_1536x2048.jpeg 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!FJFa!,w_1272,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F5c77627e-4ede-4ec0-9e05-5b0b6e4574df_1536x2048.jpeg 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!FJFa!,w_1456,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F5c77627e-4ede-4ec0-9e05-5b0b6e4574df_1536x2048.jpeg 1456w" sizes="100vw"><img src="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!FJFa!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F5c77627e-4ede-4ec0-9e05-5b0b6e4574df_1536x2048.jpeg" width="1456" height="1941" data-attrs="{&quot;src&quot;:&quot;https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/5c77627e-4ede-4ec0-9e05-5b0b6e4574df_1536x2048.jpeg&quot;,&quot;srcNoWatermark&quot;:null,&quot;fullscreen&quot;:null,&quot;imageSize&quot;:null,&quot;height&quot;:1941,&quot;width&quot;:1456,&quot;resizeWidth&quot;:null,&quot;bytes&quot;:427795,&quot;alt&quot;:null,&quot;title&quot;:null,&quot;type&quot;:&quot;image/jpeg&quot;,&quot;href&quot;:null,&quot;belowTheFold&quot;:true,&quot;topImage&quot;:false,&quot;internalRedirect&quot;:&quot;https://evalottahultn.substack.com/i/185533613?img=https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F5c77627e-4ede-4ec0-9e05-5b0b6e4574df_1536x2048.jpeg&quot;,&quot;isProcessing&quot;:false,&quot;align&quot;:null,&quot;offset&quot;:false}" class="sizing-normal" alt="" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!FJFa!,w_424,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F5c77627e-4ede-4ec0-9e05-5b0b6e4574df_1536x2048.jpeg 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!FJFa!,w_848,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F5c77627e-4ede-4ec0-9e05-5b0b6e4574df_1536x2048.jpeg 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!FJFa!,w_1272,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F5c77627e-4ede-4ec0-9e05-5b0b6e4574df_1536x2048.jpeg 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!FJFa!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F5c77627e-4ede-4ec0-9e05-5b0b6e4574df_1536x2048.jpeg 1456w" sizes="100vw" loading="lazy"></picture><div class="image-link-expand"><div class="pencraft pc-display-flex pc-gap-8 pc-reset"><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container restack-image"><svg aria-hidden="true" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 20 20" fill="none" stroke-width="1.5" stroke="var(--color-fg-primary)" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><g><path d="M2.53001 7.81595C3.49179 4.73911 6.43281 2.5 9.91173 2.5C13.1684 2.5 15.9537 4.46214 17.0852 7.23684L17.6179 8.67647M17.6179 8.67647L18.5002 4.26471M17.6179 8.67647L13.6473 6.91176M17.4995 12.1841C16.5378 15.2609 13.5967 17.5 10.1178 17.5C6.86118 17.5 4.07589 15.5379 2.94432 12.7632L2.41165 11.3235M2.41165 11.3235L1.5293 15.7353M2.41165 11.3235L6.38224 13.0882"></path></g></svg></button><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container view-image"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-maximize2 lucide-maximize-2"><polyline points="15 3 21 3 21 9"></polyline><polyline points="9 21 3 21 3 15"></polyline><line x1="21" x2="14" y1="3" y2="10"></line><line x1="3" x2="10" y1="21" y2="14"></line></svg></button></div></div></div></a></figure></div><p><em>Do trees, worms, rats and mushrooms fit into humanism? Tiny universe of bark, mushrooms, lichen and moss on a tree in Slottskogen, Gothenburg.</em></p><p></p><p>Alongside the human-centered history of ideas, there has always been a somewhat hidden ecological humanism.</p><p>But how are we to understand humanism&#8217;s key concept of freedom if the word &#8220;everybody&#8221; can no longer be restricted to humans but must be expanded to all living things? Do trees, worms, rats and pigs fit into humanism? On what premises; because they can be useful to us or because they have their own value?</p><p>If the latter is the case, are we still within the limits of humanism? Can humanism support the reduction of humans to bodies and matter among other bodies and matter; or are we on our way towards a different ideal and way of relating to our world?</p><p>Humanism has been plagued with several blind spots. In her book &#8220;Humanly Possible,&#8221; an expos&#233; of 700 years of humanist freethinking, author Sarah Bakewell confronts a racist and sexist history and highlights the predecessors who managed to be true freethinkers. Like Jeremy Bentham, a philosopher who argued for animal rights, among other things. And Bakewell shows that using oneself as a yardstick for what is sensible can be done wisely. The thinker and freed slave Frederick Douglass sharply stated that &#8220;there is no man under heaven who does not know that slavery is wrong for him.&#8221; He believed that slavery also made slave owners victims because the system they worked within had brutalized them.</p><p>Perhaps this is humanism at its best: in the meeting of critical thinking, compassion, and the pursuit of freedom for all. Douglass is able to put his own trauma aside to try to understand those who have wronged him.</p><p>We humans are not capable of objective rationality, but if reason is understood as the ability to see things from many perspectives and to question ourselves as well, then the humanist dream of man is perhaps still worth dreaming, and worth bringing with us into a more ecologically sustainable relationship with our surroundings. Our self-image as masterns has brutalized us, but we can throw these shackles aside &#8211; if we choose to do so.</p>]]></content:encoded></item><item><title><![CDATA[Vem tjänar på den hårda tonen i skogsdebatten?]]></title><description><![CDATA[N&#229;got har slagit slint i debatten om den svenska skogen.]]></description><link>https://evalottahultn.substack.com/p/vem-tjanar-pa-den-harda-tonen-i-skogsdebatten</link><guid isPermaLink="false">https://evalottahultn.substack.com/p/vem-tjanar-pa-den-harda-tonen-i-skogsdebatten</guid><dc:creator><![CDATA[Eva-Lotta Hultén]]></dc:creator><pubDate>Mon, 22 Dec 2025 15:33:08 GMT</pubDate><enclosure url="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!0Bn5!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F073edf77-f9f0-4159-832e-53babbe719da_1156x1290.png" length="0" type="image/jpeg"/><content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>N&#229;got har slagit slint i debatten om den svenska skogen. Tonl&#228;get &#228;r s&#229; h&#229;rt att Aftonbladetjournalisten Lisa R&#246;stlund, f&#246;rfattare till boken &#8221;Skogslandet&#8221;, har sagt att hon f&#229;r en paus fr&#229;n hatet n&#228;r hon granskar nazister i st&#228;llet f&#246;r att rapportera om skogen.</p><p>I skogsbruksrelaterade n&#228;tforum skylls dock tonen p&#229; &#8221;aktivister&#8221;, som inte bara r&#246;r sig runt i skogarna utan ocks&#229; har infiltrerat myndigheter och h&#246;gskolor. Allt som andas minsta kritik mot dagens kalhyggesinriktade skogsbruk tycks kunna klassas som &#8221;aktivism&#8221; eller p&#229;st&#229;s vara &#8221;politiserat&#8221;. Och h&#228;tskheten mot dem som ideellt inventerar skog &#228;r mycket stor, trots att de bara g&#246;r vad skogs&#228;garna sj&#228;lva borde g&#246;ra.</p><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!0Bn5!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F073edf77-f9f0-4159-832e-53babbe719da_1156x1290.png" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!0Bn5!,w_424,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F073edf77-f9f0-4159-832e-53babbe719da_1156x1290.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!0Bn5!,w_848,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F073edf77-f9f0-4159-832e-53babbe719da_1156x1290.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!0Bn5!,w_1272,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F073edf77-f9f0-4159-832e-53babbe719da_1156x1290.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!0Bn5!,w_1456,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F073edf77-f9f0-4159-832e-53babbe719da_1156x1290.png 1456w" sizes="100vw"><img src="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!0Bn5!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F073edf77-f9f0-4159-832e-53babbe719da_1156x1290.png" width="1156" height="1290" data-attrs="{&quot;src&quot;:&quot;https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/073edf77-f9f0-4159-832e-53babbe719da_1156x1290.png&quot;,&quot;srcNoWatermark&quot;:null,&quot;fullscreen&quot;:null,&quot;imageSize&quot;:null,&quot;height&quot;:1290,&quot;width&quot;:1156,&quot;resizeWidth&quot;:null,&quot;bytes&quot;:1674901,&quot;alt&quot;:null,&quot;title&quot;:null,&quot;type&quot;:&quot;image/png&quot;,&quot;href&quot;:null,&quot;belowTheFold&quot;:false,&quot;topImage&quot;:true,&quot;internalRedirect&quot;:&quot;https://evalottahultn.substack.com/i/182333392?img=https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F073edf77-f9f0-4159-832e-53babbe719da_1156x1290.png&quot;,&quot;isProcessing&quot;:false,&quot;align&quot;:null,&quot;offset&quot;:false}" class="sizing-normal" alt="" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!0Bn5!,w_424,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F073edf77-f9f0-4159-832e-53babbe719da_1156x1290.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!0Bn5!,w_848,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F073edf77-f9f0-4159-832e-53babbe719da_1156x1290.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!0Bn5!,w_1272,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F073edf77-f9f0-4159-832e-53babbe719da_1156x1290.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!0Bn5!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F073edf77-f9f0-4159-832e-53babbe719da_1156x1290.png 1456w" sizes="100vw" fetchpriority="high"></picture><div class="image-link-expand"><div class="pencraft pc-display-flex pc-gap-8 pc-reset"><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container restack-image"><svg aria-hidden="true" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 20 20" fill="none" stroke-width="1.5" stroke="var(--color-fg-primary)" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><g><path d="M2.53001 7.81595C3.49179 4.73911 6.43281 2.5 9.91173 2.5C13.1684 2.5 15.9537 4.46214 17.0852 7.23684L17.6179 8.67647M17.6179 8.67647L18.5002 4.26471M17.6179 8.67647L13.6473 6.91176M17.4995 12.1841C16.5378 15.2609 13.5967 17.5 10.1178 17.5C6.86118 17.5 4.07589 15.5379 2.94432 12.7632L2.41165 11.3235M2.41165 11.3235L1.5293 15.7353M2.41165 11.3235L6.38224 13.0882"></path></g></svg></button><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container view-image"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-maximize2 lucide-maximize-2"><polyline points="15 3 21 3 21 9"></polyline><polyline points="9 21 3 21 3 15"></polyline><line x1="21" x2="14" y1="3" y2="10"></line><line x1="3" x2="10" y1="21" y2="14"></line></svg></button></div></div></div></a></figure></div><p>Fram till 2021 gjorde Skogsstyrelsen inventeringar och registrerade nyckelbiotoper med skyddsv&#228;rda arter men fick upph&#246;ra med det efter politiska beslut. Volont&#228;rer g&#246;r allts&#229; jobbet gratis &#229;t staten och skogs&#228;garna, som har en plikt att ta h&#228;nsyn om de k&#228;nner till eller <em>borde k&#228;nna till</em> f&#246;rekomsten av s&#229;dana arter. Men i st&#228;llet f&#246;r att rikta sin ilska mot de politiker som tagit bort st&#246;d och ers&#228;ttningar f&#246;r skydd av skog f&#229;r dessa frivilliga inventerare b&#228;ra hundhuvudet.</p><p><strong>&#196;ven skogsindustrin framst&#228;ller</strong> milj&#246;r&#246;relsen som skogsbrukarens huvudmotpart, men &#228;r ju sj&#228;lva en kontrahent. De vill k&#246;pa n&#229;got som skogs&#228;garen har, till ett s&#229; l&#229;gt pris och med s&#229; lite kr&#229;ngel som m&#246;jligt. D&#229; &#228;r det f&#246;rst&#229;s bekv&#228;mt om varje enskild skogs&#228;gare l&#228;mnas ensam med ansvar f&#246;r sitt skogsbruks inverkan p&#229; klimat och milj&#246;, i st&#228;llet f&#246;r att staten s&#228;tter standarder.</p><p>N&#228;r virkesink&#246;parna, som g&#228;rna kallar sig r&#229;dgivare, ringer och ber&#228;ttar att det nu &#228;r dags att avverka s&#229; lyder m&#229;nga. De flesta skogs&#228;gare har sm&#229; markinnehav och deras kunskap om skogen &#228;r generellt l&#229;g. Men skogsindustrin &#228;r ingen neutral part och &#8221;r&#229;dgivningen&#8221; kan vara ganska brysk. Under mina &#229;r som utbildare inom naturn&#228;ra skogsbruk kom jag i kontakt med m&#229;nga skogs&#228;gare som kunde ber&#228;tta om hur de utsatts f&#246;r tjat och sedan f&#229;tt se sina egna &#246;nskem&#229;l kring avverkningen k&#246;ras &#246;ver. En &#228;ldre dam ringde mig gr&#229;tf&#228;rdig efter ett samtal med en mycket p&#229;stridig virkesink&#246;pare och fr&#229;gade om hon verkligen var tvungen att avverka, och om det var sant att skogen skulle f&#246;rst&#246;ras om hon l&#228;t bli.</p><p>&#196;nnu mer f&#246;rs&#229;tligt &#228;r hur &#228;gander&#228;tten anv&#228;nds som tillhygge mot &#8221;aktivisterna&#8221;. &#196;gander&#228;tten p&#229;st&#229;s vara hotad eftersom man inte f&#229;r avverka hur man vill utan m&#229;ste skydda biotoper och arter. Men &#228;gander&#228;tt har alltid kommit med inskr&#228;nkningar och skyldigheter. Vi f&#229;r inte bygga ett k&#228;rnkraftverk i tr&#228;dg&#229;rden eftersom det vi g&#246;r p&#229; v&#229;r tomt p&#229;verkar ocks&#229; andra. Detsamma g&#228;ller skogen.</p><blockquote><p><strong>Som om det stora problemet skulle vara f&#246;r m&#229;nga milj&#246;aktivister i skogen och inte f&#246;r m&#229;nga v&#228;lbetalda lobbyister i maktens korridorer</strong></p></blockquote><p><strong>I den skogsindustrilojala</strong> myllan ifr&#229;gas&#228;tts nu allemansr&#228;tten &#229;terkommande. &#8221;Aktivisterna&#8221; m&#229;ste kunna k&#246;ras bort fr&#229;n skogen. Att f&#246;rsv&#229;ra f&#246;r vanliga m&#228;nniskor att r&#246;ra sig i naturen ses allts&#229; som en skydd att ta till n&#228;r ens skogsbruk ifr&#229;gas&#228;tts. Det ser ut att komma spontant fr&#229;n gr&#228;sr&#246;tterna men id&#233;erna sipprar ner fr&#229;n virkesmaskineriets h&#246;gsta kretsar. Som om det stora problemet skulle vara f&#246;rm&#229;nga milj&#246;aktivister i skogen och inte f&#246;r m&#229;nga v&#228;lbetalda lobbyister i maktens korridorer.</p><p>Branschorganisationen Skogsindustrierna har det senaste decenniet pumpat ut missledande p&#229;st&#229;enden om den svenska skogen i kampanjer f&#246;r hundratals miljoner kronor. I <a href="https://www.dn.se/debatt/lagg-av-med-att-svartmala-svenskt-skogsbruk/">en debattartikel i DN</a> h&#228;vdade Skogsindustrierna nyligen (30/11), helt utan k&#228;llh&#228;nvisning, att Sverige har &#8221;ett av v&#228;rldens mest h&#229;llbara, l&#229;ngsiktiga och reglerade skogsbruk&#8221;. Begreppen &#8221;politiserad&#8221; (om Naturv&#229;rdsverket) och &#8221;aktivism&#8221; d&#246;k ocks&#229; upp. Ord som hela tiden ekar i skogsbruksdebatter p&#229; n&#228;tet. Vad g&#246;r dessa hundvisslor och &#246;verdrifter, fr&#229;n den klart starkaste parten, med debatten om den svenska skogen?</p><blockquote><p><strong>Inte kan v&#228;l s&#228;rskilt m&#229;nga egentligen tycka att &#228;gander&#228;tten &#246;vertrumfar alla andra konsekvenser och v&#228;rden, inklusive ett beboeligt jordklot?</strong></p></blockquote><p><strong>Den svenska skogens</strong> <strong>f&#246;rm&#229;ga</strong> att binda in kol har sjunkit kraftigt och den biologiska m&#229;ngfalden p&#229;verkas starkt negativt av dagens brukningss&#228;tt. Inte kan v&#228;l s&#228;rskilt m&#229;nga egentligen tycka att &#228;gander&#228;tten &#246;vertrumfar alla andra konsekvenser och v&#228;rden, inklusive ett beboeligt jordklot? Inte vill vi v&#228;l p&#229; allvar att allemansr&#228;tten ska inskr&#228;nkas, vilken sida i debatten vi &#228;n befinner oss p&#229;?</p><p>Kanske st&#229;r hoppet om en annan v&#228;g, och en annan samtalston, till de m&#229;nga skogs&#228;gare som i alla n&#228;tforum numera argumenterar f&#246;r biologisk m&#229;ngfald, allemansr&#228;tt och h&#228;nsyn. Som lugnt ber&#228;ttar hur de bedriver sitt eget skogsbruk utan kalhyggen och som p&#229; olika s&#228;tt driver p&#229; f&#246;r f&#246;r&#228;ndring. De har v&#228;l f&#246;rst&#229;tt att livskraftiga och stabila ekosystem ligger i deras eget l&#229;ngsiktiga intresse, av s&#229;v&#228;l ekonomiska som klimatm&#228;ssiga sk&#228;l. M&#229;nga &#228;lskar dessutom sin skog med hela dess m&#229;ngfald. Bortom skottgluggarna sker redan f&#246;r&#228;ndringen.</p><p><a href="https://www.dn.se/kultur/eva-lotta-hulten-vem-tjanar-pa-hatskheten-i-skogsdebatten/">I DN idag</a>.</p><p></p><p><strong>L&#228;s mer:</strong></p><p><a href="https://www.dn.se/kultur/manniskans-skogar-ar-heliga-och-tal-inte-ekonomisk-rovdrift/">M&#228;nniskans skogar &#228;r heliga och t&#229;l inte ekonomisk rovdrift</a></p>]]></content:encoded></item><item><title><![CDATA[Fisken som gjorde Bohuslän kalt]]></title><description><![CDATA[Vad har sill med padelhallar att g&#246;ra?]]></description><link>https://evalottahultn.substack.com/p/fisken-som-gjorde-bohuslan-kalt</link><guid isPermaLink="false">https://evalottahultn.substack.com/p/fisken-som-gjorde-bohuslan-kalt</guid><dc:creator><![CDATA[Eva-Lotta Hultén]]></dc:creator><pubDate>Thu, 18 Dec 2025 13:41:08 GMT</pubDate><enclosure url="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!RC-b!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fd90894a5-80e8-49b5-827c-0ac96314669f_1248x912.png" length="0" type="image/jpeg"/><content:encoded><![CDATA[<p><strong>1871 skrev Marstrands-Posten att man kunde plocka sill med bara h&#228;nderna inne i hamnen. Det kala bohusl&#228;nska landskapet vi uppfattar som naturligt &#228;r p&#229; m&#229;nga platser resultatet av m&#228;nskligt &#246;verutnyttjande. Och sillen har ofta haft en fena med i spelet</strong></p><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!RC-b!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fd90894a5-80e8-49b5-827c-0ac96314669f_1248x912.png" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!RC-b!,w_424,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fd90894a5-80e8-49b5-827c-0ac96314669f_1248x912.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!RC-b!,w_848,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fd90894a5-80e8-49b5-827c-0ac96314669f_1248x912.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!RC-b!,w_1272,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fd90894a5-80e8-49b5-827c-0ac96314669f_1248x912.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!RC-b!,w_1456,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fd90894a5-80e8-49b5-827c-0ac96314669f_1248x912.png 1456w" sizes="100vw"><img src="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!RC-b!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fd90894a5-80e8-49b5-827c-0ac96314669f_1248x912.png" width="1248" height="912" data-attrs="{&quot;src&quot;:&quot;https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/d90894a5-80e8-49b5-827c-0ac96314669f_1248x912.png&quot;,&quot;srcNoWatermark&quot;:null,&quot;fullscreen&quot;:null,&quot;imageSize&quot;:null,&quot;height&quot;:912,&quot;width&quot;:1248,&quot;resizeWidth&quot;:null,&quot;bytes&quot;:1181363,&quot;alt&quot;:null,&quot;title&quot;:null,&quot;type&quot;:&quot;image/png&quot;,&quot;href&quot;:null,&quot;belowTheFold&quot;:false,&quot;topImage&quot;:true,&quot;internalRedirect&quot;:&quot;https://evalottahultn.substack.com/i/181986664?img=https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fd90894a5-80e8-49b5-827c-0ac96314669f_1248x912.png&quot;,&quot;isProcessing&quot;:false,&quot;align&quot;:null,&quot;offset&quot;:false}" class="sizing-normal" alt="" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!RC-b!,w_424,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fd90894a5-80e8-49b5-827c-0ac96314669f_1248x912.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!RC-b!,w_848,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fd90894a5-80e8-49b5-827c-0ac96314669f_1248x912.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!RC-b!,w_1272,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fd90894a5-80e8-49b5-827c-0ac96314669f_1248x912.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!RC-b!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fd90894a5-80e8-49b5-827c-0ac96314669f_1248x912.png 1456w" sizes="100vw" fetchpriority="high"></picture><div class="image-link-expand"><div class="pencraft pc-display-flex pc-gap-8 pc-reset"><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container restack-image"><svg aria-hidden="true" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 20 20" fill="none" stroke-width="1.5" stroke="var(--color-fg-primary)" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><g><path d="M2.53001 7.81595C3.49179 4.73911 6.43281 2.5 9.91173 2.5C13.1684 2.5 15.9537 4.46214 17.0852 7.23684L17.6179 8.67647M17.6179 8.67647L18.5002 4.26471M17.6179 8.67647L13.6473 6.91176M17.4995 12.1841C16.5378 15.2609 13.5967 17.5 10.1178 17.5C6.86118 17.5 4.07589 15.5379 2.94432 12.7632L2.41165 11.3235M2.41165 11.3235L1.5293 15.7353M2.41165 11.3235L6.38224 13.0882"></path></g></svg></button><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container view-image"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-maximize2 lucide-maximize-2"><polyline points="15 3 21 3 21 9"></polyline><polyline points="9 21 3 21 3 15"></polyline><line x1="21" x2="14" y1="3" y2="10"></line><line x1="3" x2="10" y1="21" y2="14"></line></svg></button></div></div></div></a></figure></div><p><strong>.</strong></p><p></p><p>Det dova mullret fr&#229;n ett fartyg som passerar k&#228;nns f&#246;rst som vibrationer i kroppen. N&#228;r ljudet blir tydligt vet jag att jag snart ocks&#229; kommer kunna ana metallkolossen genom tr&#228;drid&#229;n mellan mig och sundet. Det &#228;r en v&#228;lbekant syn efter trettio &#229;r p&#229; denna plats. Kanske &#228;r ocks&#229; sj&#228;lva platsen van vid skeppen? Farleden utanf&#246;r &#246;n har sett fraktfartyg &#229;tminstone sedan medeltiden, d&#229; timmer, insaltad sill, tran och kalk fr&#229;n de m&#229;nga skalbankarna f&#246;rdes till England, Holland, Danmark och Norge.</p><p>P&#229; sin b&#229;tresa genom Fr&#228;knefjorden, som platsen heter, klagade Carl von Linn&#233; &#229;r 1746 &#246;ver att alla bergen &#8221;vore skallote&#8221;, allts&#229; kala, och han tyckte att trakten var f&#246;rf&#228;rligt ful. Men smaken varierar f&#246;rst&#229;s. Bara n&#229;gra &#229;r tidigare hade hans l&#228;rjunge Pehr Kalm rest genom Bohusl&#228;n och beskrivit de tr&#228;dl&#246;sa trakterna som mycket vackra.</p><p><strong>De flesta f&#246;rknippar nog &#228;nnu idag Bohusl&#228;n</strong> med kala klippor men l&#228;nge fanns det gott om skog. Det landskap vi uppfattar som naturligt &#228;r p&#229; m&#229;nga platser resultatet av m&#228;nskligt &#246;verutnyttjande. Och sillen har ofta haft en fena med i spelet.</p><p>&#197;tminstone sedan 900-talet har sillperioder intr&#228;ffat p&#229; V&#228;stkusten. Runt hundra &#229;r av magra f&#229;ngster har f&#246;ljts av fisk i massor. Salterier byggdes i omg&#229;ngar &#246;verallt l&#228;ngs kusten och Bohusl&#228;ns b&#246;nder blev tempor&#228;rt fiskare.Tr&#228;d f&#228;lldes f&#246;r att bli till tunnor och br&#228;nsle i kokerierna, d&#228;r man framst&#228;llde tran som anv&#228;ndes i oljelampor, skinnberedning, s&#229;ptillverkning och matlagning, och till sist f&#246;r att m&#229;la hus med. Fartygen tog insaltad fisk och tran till hela Europa. N&#228;r sillen tog slut &#246;vergavs fabrikerna och samh&#228;llena och v&#228;xtligheten fick p&#229; m&#229;nga h&#229;ll chans att krypa tillbaka, med b&#246;rjan i skrevorna. S&#229; har sillperiodernas cykler gestaltat sig p&#229; landbacken.</p><p>Kanske var den bohusl&#228;nska naturens utarmning som v&#228;rst under 1700- och 1800-talen? P&#229; holmarna fanns fiskehyttor &#228;nnu kvar sedan den senaste sillperioden p&#229; 1600-talet, ber&#228;ttade Linn&#233;l&#228;rjungen Pehr Kalm i sin bok. Men tr&#228;d var det &#228;nnu ont om. D&#228;r jag idag ser skogar av tall, ek, asp, r&#246;nn och bok v&#228;xte bara ljung och ormbunkar. Naturen hade allts&#229; inte hunnit &#229;terh&#228;mta sig n&#228;r en ny stor sillperiod tog sin b&#246;rjan bara n&#229;gra &#229;r efter Kalms resa.</p><p>Snart fyllde hundratals salterier och trankokerier &#229;ter Bohusl&#228;n och havet tycktes som ett ymnighetshorn. 1700-talets sillperiod ledde till en enorm industri &#8211; och en enorm milj&#246;katastrof, konstaterar Stefan Edman och Tomas Andersson i boken &#8221;Sill&#8221;. Fiskrenset dumpades i havet d&#228;r det d&#246;dade vegetationen i vattnet, grundade upp hamnarna och f&#246;rvandlade bottnarna till en l&#246;s gr&#246;t d&#228;r ankare inte fick f&#228;ste. Stanken l&#229;g tung. Men folk fick finna sig. Sillen gav ju goda int&#228;kter till staten.</p><p>Till sist b&#246;rjade &#228;nd&#229; lotsdirektionen och sj&#246;milit&#228;ren bekymra sig &#8211; kanske riskerade man s&#228;mre fiske p&#229; sikt? Trankokeri&#228;garna beordrades att flytta produktionen l&#228;ngre in p&#229; land, d&#228;r det fanns mark att gr&#228;va ner avfallet i. Industri&#228;garna protesterade. De m&#228;tte djup i hamnarna, tog bottenprover och ans&#229;g sig kunna bevisa att grumset inte var skadligt f&#246;r fisket. Sveriges f&#246;rsta milj&#246;konsekvensbeskrivning. Men l&#229;ngt ifr&#229;n neutral f&#246;rst&#229;s. Fabrik&#246;rerna fick &#228;nd&#229; dispens, mot att de st&#228;ngde av l&#228;mpliga vikar som &#8221;grumsdammar&#8221; &#8211; och Bohusl&#228;n fortsatte stinka. Ekonomin kom f&#246;rst, d&#229; som nu.</p><p>Jag undrar ibland, n&#228;r jag k&#228;nner de mullrande vibrationerna i mitt hus och min kropp, vad fartygen som passerar genom farleden nuf&#246;rtiden f&#246;r hit, eller bort; och vilka marker och hav som f&#229;tt ge av sitt inneh&#229;ll f&#246;r att fylla containrarna ombord. F&#229;r de tid att &#229;terh&#228;mta sig n&#229;gon g&#229;ng?</p><p><strong>I sp&#229;ren av den intensiva industrins </strong>uppg&#229;ng p&#229; 1700-talet kom m&#229;nga g&#228;starbetare och med dem bordeller och br&#229;k, inte minst f&#246;r att delar av l&#246;nen utbetalades i sprit. Men s&#229; f&#246;rsvann den silvergl&#228;nsande fisken. De m&#229;nga fabrikerna slog igen och anl&#228;ggningarna togs ner; m&#228;nniskorna flyttade, eller b&#246;rjade gneta sig fram p&#229; magra jordbruk. Drygt 60 &#229;r f&#246;rfl&#246;t.</p><p>1871 skrev Marstrands-Posten pl&#246;tsligt att man kunde plocka sill med bara h&#228;nderna inne i hamnen. &#197;ret efter gick sillen till ocks&#229; i norra delen av Bohusl&#228;n och i Str&#246;mstads tidning klagade man &#246;ver att samh&#228;llets sysslol&#246;sa befolkning inte fiskade mer. De hade blivit sl&#246;a av att f&#229; s&#229; mycket inkomster fr&#229;n badg&#228;stturismen under sommaren menade man. Hur sl&#246;a badg&#228;sterna kunde anses vara, och om inte ocks&#229; de kunde fiska sill, kom nog inte upp till diskussion.</p><p>N&#228;r sillen blev kvar slog sig trots allt lokalborna samman och skaffade utrustning och &#229;ret efter stod sillen &#8221;tjock som en v&#228;gg&#8221; i fjordarna. Att &#229;ka ut och titta p&#229; stimmen blev en turistattraktion och folk gick man ur huse f&#246;r att sk&#246;rda ur haven. Samh&#228;llen blomstrade, telefonlinjer drogs ut till &#246;arna, j&#228;rnv&#228;g b&#246;rjade diskuteras. Och f&#229;ngsten verkade inte kunna minska. Vad skulle man g&#246;ra med allt? Att l&#228;mna fisken i havet var tydligen inte ett alternativ. Den h&#229;vades upp f&#246;r att omvandlas till g&#246;dsel. Produkten kallades f&#246;r &#8221;&#229;kersnus&#8221; eftersom den var brun och pulveraktig.</p><p>N&#228;r denna v&#229;r senaste sillperiod runt &#229;r 1906 tog slut tolkades sillens f&#246;rsvinnande, enligt Claes Krantz i boken &#8221;Vinterland&#8221;, av m&#229;nga i det gammaltestamentligt religi&#246;sa Bohusl&#228;n som Guds straff. M&#228;nniskorna hade missbrukat hans v&#228;lsignelse genom att fiska p&#229; s&#246;ndagarna. Det borde kanske ha legat n&#228;rmare till hands att t&#228;nka att man roffat &#229;t sig mer &#228;n vad Gud, eller naturen, velat ge?</p><p>P&#229; m&#229;nga platser har vi i &#229;rhundraden &#229;terkommande utarmat v&#229;ra omgivningar. Inte minst i Bohusl&#228;n. All skog har huggits ner, all fisk tagits upp, all jordbruksmark utarmats. Tider av &#229;terh&#228;mtning har f&#246;ljts av nytt &#246;verutnyttjande. Bohusl&#228;n har omvandlats om och om igen, b&#229;de ovan och under havsytan. F&#246;r varje g&#229;ng vi g&#246;r s&#229; riskerar vi att f&#229; allt mindre m&#229;ngfald och allt s&#228;mre motst&#229;ndskraft i naturen. Och sk&#246;vlingen fortg&#229;r.</p><p>I sin Sill<strong>-</strong>bok ber&#228;ttar Stefan Edman och Tomas Andersson hur de stora best&#229;nden i V&#228;sterhavet nu sk&#246;rdas l&#229;ngt ute till havs, och aldrig l&#228;ngre f&#229;r m&#246;jlighet att v&#228;xa sig s&#229; stora att sillstimmen v&#228;ller in mot kusten. Gigantiska tr&#229;lare fr&#229;n V&#228;stkusten h&#229;var ocks&#229; in all den &#246;stra kustens sill, str&#246;mmingen, f&#246;r att den ska bli till foder i laxodlingar.</p><p><strong>De hastigt uppblossade och storskaliga</strong> exploateringarna under sillperioderna f&#229;r mig att t&#228;nka p&#229; v&#229;r tids motsvarigheter; hur vi p&#229; kort tid byggde enorma m&#228;ngder padelbanor i Sverige, eller l&#228;t st&#228;derna &#246;versv&#228;mmas av sparkcyklar. Vi var s&#228;kert m&#229;nga som f&#246;rstod att det inte var h&#229;llbart i l&#228;ngden men h&#228;r fanns beg&#228;r som skulle kapitaliseras p&#229; medan storvinster fanns att h&#228;mta. Sp&#229;ren finns kvar i form av sparkcyklar i v&#229;ra stadsn&#228;ra vatten och gigantiska idrottshallar som i m&#229;nga fall nu m&#229;ste hitta andra funktioner. Ocks&#229; detta p&#229;verkar v&#229;r natur, &#228;ven om vi slipper stanken.</p><p><em>Eva-Lotta Hult&#233;n</em><br><em>journalist och f&#246;rfattare</em></p><p>S&#228;nd i OBS i P1</p><p><a href="https://www.sverigesradio.se/avsnitt/sillen-en-fisk-som-forandrar-landskap">https://www.sverigesradio.se/avsnitt/sillen-en-fisk-som-forandrar-landskap</a></p><p></p>]]></content:encoded></item><item><title><![CDATA[The foundational trust]]></title><description><![CDATA[The Nordic countries have long had a very high level of trust by international standards but organizational researcher Louise Bringselius now warns of a development a towards institutional distrust.]]></description><link>https://evalottahultn.substack.com/p/the-foundational-trust</link><guid isPermaLink="false">https://evalottahultn.substack.com/p/the-foundational-trust</guid><dc:creator><![CDATA[Eva-Lotta Hultén]]></dc:creator><pubDate>Wed, 10 Dec 2025 09:41:54 GMT</pubDate><enclosure url="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!8B7d!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F70061a41-7ed7-4cdd-8856-8b2c5950656d_1892x1704.heic" length="0" type="image/jpeg"/><content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>The movie had already started when I got to the cinema and my friends had taken their seats. The woman behind the ticket counter explained that there was a problem with the card machine and asked for cash, but my wallet was empty. I was just about to give up and go home when the guy behind me in line tapped me on the shoulder and offered to lend me ticket money: &#8220;You can go and get the money after the movie and leave it here at the cash register and I&#8217;ll pick it up when my movie is over.&#8221; We were complete strangers to each other, but he was stressed by my situation and chose to help &#8211; and trust &#8211; me.</p><p>In the Nordic countries, we have long had a very high level of trust by international standards. Most of us assume that other people are benevolent. It is also on this premise that we have built our society. And extensive research shows that trust can be linked to motivation, responsibility, creativity and efficiency. But organizational researcher Louise Bringselius now warns of a development away from trust and towards institutionalized distrust. It manifests itself in detailed control, formalism, strict demands and a strong focus on coercion and punishment. Which in many countries has already led to a weakened democracy, and in many organizations to increased dissatisfaction, poorer health and lower productivity. When we follow rules and hierarchical &#8216;decision lines&#8217;, which are supposed to ensure that everything goes right, we are prevented from using our judgment and taking responsibility where we can.</p><p>In her book &#8220;The Trust Principle&#8221;, Bringselius takes the traffic chaos on the highway E22 outside Kristianstad i the south of Sweden in 2024 as an example. Around a thousand vehicles were stuck in mass collisions due to extensive snowfall. But everything was made worse by the fact that no one with real influence over the situation dared or was allowed to take their own initiative. For example, a private individual offered to cut up the median barrier but never received any response because rescue personnel on site were not allowed to make such decisions. An ambulance with a seriously ill person was therefore left standing on the motorway for seven hours.</p><p>Rules and measurements make us forget an old knowledge: those who are trusted usually do their best. In the world of education, I have long been bothered by the confusion between the concepts of demands and expectations. There is strong research support that high expectations make students perform better, while high demands risk leading to stress, anxiety and poorer results. Which is not really surprising since they are two diametrically different ways of relating. Demands can be written down and followed up. Expectations exist in interpersonal relationships and are considerably more difficult to document in a clear and numerically transferable way. And while expectations are about trust: &#8220;I trust you can handle this&#8221;, demands are about power: &#8220;I can reward or punish you based on how you perform&#8221;. This confusion of demands and expectations is not only a phenomenon in school but increasingly also at work and in society. It risks leading to submission and adaptation instead of responsibility and equality, which can be harmful in almost all areas.</p><p>Many of the decisions that reduce trust are certainly made with good intentions. We want to ensure the quality of the business, prevent failures, increase the safety of individuals or reduce crime. But we believe that we must demand, reward or punish in order to get people to do the right thing or perform. This thought is based on the idea that we humans are driven only by the desire to win or the fear of losing something. And that is a false assumption about how we function. We are not rational but relational. We want to be liked, to feel meaning, to contribute and to receive confirmation that our opinions and feelings matter &#8211; and we want to be trusted. In fact, it is mainly the recognition of others, our own pride and a longing to be part of something bigger that drives us.</p><p>Long sick leaves and early retirements seem to have a strong connection with a lack of influence and participation &#8211; and most people probably know from their own experience that a lack of trust is harmful to a relationship. The fact that it is institutionalized and becomes impersonal probably does not make things better. Companies and schools that focus primarily on results have worse outcomes than those that also work with consideration and well-being. Trust and purpose reinforce each other and create the right conditions for higher levels of oxytocin in our bodies, which in turn leads to happiness. Joy at work comes from purpose-driven work within a team with trust, says Louise Bringselius.</p><p>Political scientist and internationally renowned trust researcher Bo Rothstein points out in his book &#8220;The Foundation Bolt&#8221; that the idea of &#8203;&#8203;top-down incentives to get staff to perform also often backfires, since orders from managers are based on information that employees have provided to management. If employees know that what they say will be used to increase the control over them, they will avoid providing all relevant information.</p><p>At the state level, we have already reversed a negative spiral of low trust once. A French ambassador who visited Stockholm in the 1770s described the political culture in Sweden as characterized by massive corruption in all the estates of the Riksdag and society as a whole. Bo Rothstein describes the reforms that made Sweden a high-trust country as leaps and bounds of qualitative social change that changed the legitimacy of the Swedish state administration, from the 1840s onwards. Among other things, reforms were implemented to the school system, equal inheritance rights for men and women, freedom of religion, the abolition of many noble privileges, municipal self-government, the reorganization of central government agencies and a pension system for civil servants.</p><p>Today, Rothstein sees growing economic inequality as a threat to trust. High inequality in a society reduces trust not only in other people but also in social institutions. Rothstein argues that democratically governed companies, where employees jointly own and govern the organization, can be a way forward. Such companies have been the subject of research for decades and they do very well financially, pay higher wages and have a significantly higher proportion of satisfied employees than traditionally owned companies.</p><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!8B7d!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F70061a41-7ed7-4cdd-8856-8b2c5950656d_1892x1704.heic" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!8B7d!,w_424,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F70061a41-7ed7-4cdd-8856-8b2c5950656d_1892x1704.heic 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!8B7d!,w_848,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F70061a41-7ed7-4cdd-8856-8b2c5950656d_1892x1704.heic 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!8B7d!,w_1272,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F70061a41-7ed7-4cdd-8856-8b2c5950656d_1892x1704.heic 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!8B7d!,w_1456,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F70061a41-7ed7-4cdd-8856-8b2c5950656d_1892x1704.heic 1456w" sizes="100vw"><img src="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!8B7d!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F70061a41-7ed7-4cdd-8856-8b2c5950656d_1892x1704.heic" width="1456" height="1311" data-attrs="{&quot;src&quot;:&quot;https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/70061a41-7ed7-4cdd-8856-8b2c5950656d_1892x1704.heic&quot;,&quot;srcNoWatermark&quot;:null,&quot;fullscreen&quot;:null,&quot;imageSize&quot;:null,&quot;height&quot;:1311,&quot;width&quot;:1456,&quot;resizeWidth&quot;:null,&quot;bytes&quot;:776375,&quot;alt&quot;:null,&quot;title&quot;:null,&quot;type&quot;:&quot;image/heic&quot;,&quot;href&quot;:null,&quot;belowTheFold&quot;:true,&quot;topImage&quot;:false,&quot;internalRedirect&quot;:&quot;https://evalottahultn.substack.com/i/181221607?img=https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F70061a41-7ed7-4cdd-8856-8b2c5950656d_1892x1704.heic&quot;,&quot;isProcessing&quot;:false,&quot;align&quot;:null,&quot;offset&quot;:false}" class="sizing-normal" alt="" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!8B7d!,w_424,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F70061a41-7ed7-4cdd-8856-8b2c5950656d_1892x1704.heic 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!8B7d!,w_848,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F70061a41-7ed7-4cdd-8856-8b2c5950656d_1892x1704.heic 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!8B7d!,w_1272,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F70061a41-7ed7-4cdd-8856-8b2c5950656d_1892x1704.heic 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!8B7d!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F70061a41-7ed7-4cdd-8856-8b2c5950656d_1892x1704.heic 1456w" sizes="100vw" loading="lazy"></picture><div class="image-link-expand"><div class="pencraft pc-display-flex pc-gap-8 pc-reset"><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container restack-image"><svg aria-hidden="true" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 20 20" fill="none" stroke-width="1.5" stroke="var(--color-fg-primary)" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><g><path d="M2.53001 7.81595C3.49179 4.73911 6.43281 2.5 9.91173 2.5C13.1684 2.5 15.9537 4.46214 17.0852 7.23684L17.6179 8.67647M17.6179 8.67647L18.5002 4.26471M17.6179 8.67647L13.6473 6.91176M17.4995 12.1841C16.5378 15.2609 13.5967 17.5 10.1178 17.5C6.86118 17.5 4.07589 15.5379 2.94432 12.7632L2.41165 11.3235M2.41165 11.3235L1.5293 15.7353M2.41165 11.3235L6.38224 13.0882"></path></g></svg></button><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container view-image"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-maximize2 lucide-maximize-2"><polyline points="15 3 21 3 21 9"></polyline><polyline points="9 21 3 21 3 15"></polyline><line x1="21" x2="14" y1="3" y2="10"></line><line x1="3" x2="10" y1="21" y2="14"></line></svg></button></div></div></div></a></figure></div><p>We can have the same goal, such as a society with clear rules of the game, but different paths to get there. And the choices of path seem to play a big role. What effects does our choice of control have beyond those intended? What does the employee directed by manuals choose to do when he discovers that it is possible to optimize the work process but that no one cares? And what does reduced student influence do to young people&#8217;s view of democracy and to their already high level of mental ill health? We probably know the answer. Happy relationships as well as happy organizations and nations are built on courage. You have to throw yourself out there, put some of your destiny in the hands of the other. Show trust.</p><p></p><p><a href="https://www.sverigesradio.se/avsnitt/tillit-en-av-sveriges-viktigaste-styrkor-under-hot">From Swedish National Public Radio</a></p><p>.</p>]]></content:encoded></item><item><title><![CDATA[If I’m content, am I a failure?]]></title><description><![CDATA[Restrictions. Don&#8217;t we adults need them too? Someone or something that says &#8221;Stop, here are the boundaries. Within these frames you can shape your life but not outside.]]></description><link>https://evalottahultn.substack.com/p/if-im-content-am-i-a-failure</link><guid isPermaLink="false">https://evalottahultn.substack.com/p/if-im-content-am-i-a-failure</guid><dc:creator><![CDATA[Eva-Lotta Hultén]]></dc:creator><pubDate>Fri, 14 Nov 2025 09:42:59 GMT</pubDate><enclosure url="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!WmFk!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F7f834590-3944-4ced-8b3c-a099421126bb_3022x3612.jpeg" length="0" type="image/jpeg"/><content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Most companies and organizations want to stick the word &#8217;sustainable&#8217; to their operations. So what do</p><p>es the word really mean? What should it mean? Reasonably it shoud refer to something that can be repeated for a very long time (even forever) without resources running out or ecosystems being damaged or depleted without a chance to recovery.</p><p>Forestry where only a few trees are cut down using gentle methods, never taking out more than the growth rate and also not harming biodiversity, could perhaps be called sustainable in good conscience. But then we must of course ignore the fact that we have only touched what is sustainable for the forest ecosystem in question and not how sustainable it was to build the machines or, for that matter, to transport them there, refuel them or take the wood from the forest to the paper mill. And if the gently felled trees become boards that are used to build unnecessarily large houses, is hte forestry still sustainable? Surely the most sustainable thing must be that the trees remain in the forest?</p><p>What about other things we would like to call sustainable? Can electrical technology based on batteries that require rare earth metals be called sustainable? The metals are extracted with various chemicals and require a lot of energy. Is it sustainable or just better than what is really bad? Is organically produced food sustainable if it has been grown with methods that thin out the topsoil? Are train journeys sustainable? Large amounts of energy and materials are required to build och run trains. Is wind power sustainable? The windmills are built from finite materials and will sooner or later turn into scrap that we have to deal with. Is clothing made from recycled material sustainable if it also requires energy, which in turn requires windmills, which in turn requires materials and resources from mining? And if the material in the clothing also releases microplastics into the environment?</p><p>We forget to talk about whether phenomena and products are sustainable in the long term or only in the short term, and whether we mean that it is sustainable in a single place, in certain places or everywhere.</p><p>Greenwashing is something that companies are said to be doing. But most of the greenwashing doesn&#8217;t happen in the PR offices of big companies, but in our heads. In our longing to feel like the world is on the right track, we are often prepared to settle for &#8220;a little better than the really bad&#8221; in order to call something sustainable.</p><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!WmFk!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F7f834590-3944-4ced-8b3c-a099421126bb_3022x3612.jpeg" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!WmFk!,w_424,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F7f834590-3944-4ced-8b3c-a099421126bb_3022x3612.jpeg 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!WmFk!,w_848,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F7f834590-3944-4ced-8b3c-a099421126bb_3022x3612.jpeg 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!WmFk!,w_1272,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F7f834590-3944-4ced-8b3c-a099421126bb_3022x3612.jpeg 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!WmFk!,w_1456,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F7f834590-3944-4ced-8b3c-a099421126bb_3022x3612.jpeg 1456w" sizes="100vw"><img src="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!WmFk!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F7f834590-3944-4ced-8b3c-a099421126bb_3022x3612.jpeg" width="1456" height="1740" data-attrs="{&quot;src&quot;:&quot;https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/7f834590-3944-4ced-8b3c-a099421126bb_3022x3612.jpeg&quot;,&quot;srcNoWatermark&quot;:null,&quot;fullscreen&quot;:null,&quot;imageSize&quot;:null,&quot;height&quot;:1740,&quot;width&quot;:1456,&quot;resizeWidth&quot;:null,&quot;bytes&quot;:1744317,&quot;alt&quot;:null,&quot;title&quot;:null,&quot;type&quot;:&quot;image/jpeg&quot;,&quot;href&quot;:null,&quot;belowTheFold&quot;:false,&quot;topImage&quot;:true,&quot;internalRedirect&quot;:&quot;https://evalottahultn.substack.com/i/178871084?img=https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F7f834590-3944-4ced-8b3c-a099421126bb_3022x3612.jpeg&quot;,&quot;isProcessing&quot;:false,&quot;align&quot;:null,&quot;offset&quot;:false}" class="sizing-normal" alt="" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!WmFk!,w_424,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F7f834590-3944-4ced-8b3c-a099421126bb_3022x3612.jpeg 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!WmFk!,w_848,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F7f834590-3944-4ced-8b3c-a099421126bb_3022x3612.jpeg 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!WmFk!,w_1272,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F7f834590-3944-4ced-8b3c-a099421126bb_3022x3612.jpeg 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!WmFk!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F7f834590-3944-4ced-8b3c-a099421126bb_3022x3612.jpeg 1456w" sizes="100vw" fetchpriority="high"></picture><div class="image-link-expand"><div class="pencraft pc-display-flex pc-gap-8 pc-reset"><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container restack-image"><svg aria-hidden="true" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 20 20" fill="none" stroke-width="1.5" stroke="var(--color-fg-primary)" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><g><path d="M2.53001 7.81595C3.49179 4.73911 6.43281 2.5 9.91173 2.5C13.1684 2.5 15.9537 4.46214 17.0852 7.23684L17.6179 8.67647M17.6179 8.67647L18.5002 4.26471M17.6179 8.67647L13.6473 6.91176M17.4995 12.1841C16.5378 15.2609 13.5967 17.5 10.1178 17.5C6.86118 17.5 4.07589 15.5379 2.94432 12.7632L2.41165 11.3235M2.41165 11.3235L1.5293 15.7353M2.41165 11.3235L6.38224 13.0882"></path></g></svg></button><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container view-image"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-maximize2 lucide-maximize-2"><polyline points="15 3 21 3 21 9"></polyline><polyline points="9 21 3 21 3 15"></polyline><line x1="21" x2="14" y1="3" y2="10"></line><line x1="3" x2="10" y1="21" y2="14"></line></svg></button></div></div></div></a></figure></div><p>Today, previously opened and cultivated land along Fr&#228;knefjorden (the strait where I live) is overgrowing with shrubs, bushes and trees. At the same time, we live in greater abundance here than ever before. Which people, plants and animals, fungi and bacteria have had to move or see their places transformed into &#8220;resources&#8221; so that we can live a life of abundance here?</p><p>When there first was talk of a quarry in Forsh&#228;lla, not far from where I live, there were strong protests from the local residents. The same happened when the newspaper wrote about plans for high-speed trains on pillars through the landscape. We live wide roads, good communications and cobblestone pavings in our gardens, but the material should come from somewhere else, and the motorway and train tracks should not be visible from our windows.</p><p>The system we have rigged for ourselves is also not designed to achieve sustainability but convenience, constantly increasing prosperity and the increase of capital.</p><p>The philosopher Frederic Jameson has stated that it is easier to imagine the end of the world than the end of capitalism. Many also seem to find it easier to imagine that we humans start to construct an atmosphere, living ecosystems and arable land on Mars than are be able to feel awe and respect for what we already have, manage it sustainably and live here forever.</p><p>It is understandable that brave people once wandered north in the tracks of the ice edge after the last ice age. They hoped to find new paradisiacal places to live. But anyone who knows anything about Mars knows that it is an extremely inhospitable environment. We might as well try to build a nest in the deep ocean. Or perhaps better yet, on top of Mount Everest. There is at least an ounce of breathable air.</p><p>I think we need limits. I adapt my life in relation to the Earth&#8217;s ecosystem and it feels deeply meaningful to refrain. I don&#8217;t fly, I don&#8217;t buy clothes or furniture I don&#8217;t need, I don&#8217;t eat industrially produced food and I have few electronic gadgets. I can&#8217;t have the whole world because it doesn&#8217;t belong to me. It doesn&#8217;t belong to the world of money. It belongs to itself and isn&#8217;t mine to buy.</p><p>I am not perfect in my ambitions. Sometimes I buy stuff I don&#8217;t need or travel by car and train for pleasure. I am part of the prevailing system, raised in its way of looking at the world, people, things and money.</p><p>We humans are herd animals. What others have and do, we also want to have and do. Other people&#8217;s desires become our desires. My desires. Even though I have always felt alienated by peer pressure. Been against the grain. I went in a cornflower blue suit jacket to black-clad rock clubs and in my grandfather&#8217;s shabby blazer and men&#8217;s hat to the upper-class high school. Never felt comfortable in the herd. Still. I am falling in too. But less and less often. My conscience is stronger, my ability to resist trained, my impulse control a little better. Plus, shopping is boring.</p><p>Meaningfulness. That&#8217;s what I want. The limitations I set help me feel grounded. They provide a weight that keeps me from toppling over in the wind or being carried away by the currents.</p><p>My life is far from ascetic . It&#8217;s just a completely normal life, without trips to Thailand and shopping for fun. I read somewhere that if everyone lived like we did on average in the 60ies, our consumption would be sustainable. I don&#8217;t know if that&#8217;s true, but if it&#8217;s true, surely everyone should be able to put up with it?</p><p>Maybe we should talk about respect instead of sustainability. Are our lives respectful of everything else that is alive? Do we stay within the respectful range when we eat, live and have fun? We could also talk about gratitude. Are we grateful for what we have or are we impolitely greedy? The culture we live in tells us that it&#8217;s right to be greedy. Good, even. You should be hungry for more. Never satisfied. A winners mentality, constantly on the way to more and better. If I&#8217;m content, am I a failure? On the small sign I have made to take with me when I participate in the Rebel Mothers&#8217; demonstrations, I have written &#8220;I have everything I need, except a safe future for my children.&#8221;</p><p>Restrictions. What we so often say that children need. Don&#8217;t we adults need them too? Someone or something that says &#8221;Stop, here are the boundaries. Within these frames you can shape your life but not outside. You can&#8217;t become what you want or get what you want because there is something bigger and more important than you. It contains you and all other living things and it is a community that you are a part of and responsible for.&#8221;</p><p>#sustainability #limits</p>]]></content:encoded></item><item><title><![CDATA[On modern animism]]></title><description><![CDATA[The earth is in crisis. We need new values &#8203;&#8203;and new approaches. Can we become modern animists?]]></description><link>https://evalottahultn.substack.com/p/on-modern-animism</link><guid isPermaLink="false">https://evalottahultn.substack.com/p/on-modern-animism</guid><dc:creator><![CDATA[Eva-Lotta Hultén]]></dc:creator><pubDate>Fri, 07 Nov 2025 11:10:28 GMT</pubDate><enclosure url="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!-MC5!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F68c630ee-3fd1-4ae7-a6b3-33c493546be0_2048x2048.jpeg" length="0" type="image/jpeg"/><content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>In 1819, the American president Thomas Jefferson edited his own version of the New Testament. He left out things like the virgin birth, miracles, and resurrection.</p><p>Early religions always evolved with their time, place, and society.</p><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!-MC5!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F68c630ee-3fd1-4ae7-a6b3-33c493546be0_2048x2048.jpeg" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!-MC5!,w_424,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F68c630ee-3fd1-4ae7-a6b3-33c493546be0_2048x2048.jpeg 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!-MC5!,w_848,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F68c630ee-3fd1-4ae7-a6b3-33c493546be0_2048x2048.jpeg 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!-MC5!,w_1272,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F68c630ee-3fd1-4ae7-a6b3-33c493546be0_2048x2048.jpeg 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!-MC5!,w_1456,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F68c630ee-3fd1-4ae7-a6b3-33c493546be0_2048x2048.jpeg 1456w" sizes="100vw"><img src="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!-MC5!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F68c630ee-3fd1-4ae7-a6b3-33c493546be0_2048x2048.jpeg" width="1456" height="1456" data-attrs="{&quot;src&quot;:&quot;https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/68c630ee-3fd1-4ae7-a6b3-33c493546be0_2048x2048.jpeg&quot;,&quot;srcNoWatermark&quot;:null,&quot;fullscreen&quot;:null,&quot;imageSize&quot;:null,&quot;height&quot;:1456,&quot;width&quot;:1456,&quot;resizeWidth&quot;:null,&quot;bytes&quot;:270277,&quot;alt&quot;:null,&quot;title&quot;:null,&quot;type&quot;:&quot;image/jpeg&quot;,&quot;href&quot;:null,&quot;belowTheFold&quot;:false,&quot;topImage&quot;:true,&quot;internalRedirect&quot;:&quot;https://evalottahultn.substack.com/i/178259172?img=https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F68c630ee-3fd1-4ae7-a6b3-33c493546be0_2048x2048.jpeg&quot;,&quot;isProcessing&quot;:false,&quot;align&quot;:null,&quot;offset&quot;:false}" class="sizing-normal" alt="" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!-MC5!,w_424,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F68c630ee-3fd1-4ae7-a6b3-33c493546be0_2048x2048.jpeg 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!-MC5!,w_848,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F68c630ee-3fd1-4ae7-a6b3-33c493546be0_2048x2048.jpeg 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!-MC5!,w_1272,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F68c630ee-3fd1-4ae7-a6b3-33c493546be0_2048x2048.jpeg 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!-MC5!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F68c630ee-3fd1-4ae7-a6b3-33c493546be0_2048x2048.jpeg 1456w" sizes="100vw" fetchpriority="high"></picture><div class="image-link-expand"><div class="pencraft pc-display-flex pc-gap-8 pc-reset"><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container restack-image"><svg aria-hidden="true" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 20 20" fill="none" stroke-width="1.5" stroke="var(--color-fg-primary)" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><g><path d="M2.53001 7.81595C3.49179 4.73911 6.43281 2.5 9.91173 2.5C13.1684 2.5 15.9537 4.46214 17.0852 7.23684L17.6179 8.67647M17.6179 8.67647L18.5002 4.26471M17.6179 8.67647L13.6473 6.91176M17.4995 12.1841C16.5378 15.2609 13.5967 17.5 10.1178 17.5C6.86118 17.5 4.07589 15.5379 2.94432 12.7632L2.41165 11.3235M2.41165 11.3235L1.5293 15.7353M2.41165 11.3235L6.38224 13.0882"></path></g></svg></button><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container view-image"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-maximize2 lucide-maximize-2"><polyline points="15 3 21 3 21 9"></polyline><polyline points="9 21 3 21 3 15"></polyline><line x1="21" x2="14" y1="3" y2="10"></line><line x1="3" x2="10" y1="21" y2="14"></line></svg></button></div></div></div></a></figure></div><p> When we wrote down our myths, they solidified and we began to worship the words instead of the reality. Believers today are rarely willing to relate to what has been written down like Thomas Jefferson. But it is still possible to make changes to shift our beliefs. You only have to look at all the different ways you can be a Christian to understand that there is great room for rethinking within the boundaries of scripture-based religions. All great teachings are largely about the interpretations we make.</p><p>So we don&#8217;t need to replace the established religions with animism. They have all obviously been possible to combine with today&#8217;s religious market beliefs. With animism as a companion instead of the God of Growth, I believe it is possible for our big religions to contribute with wisdom and values &#8203;&#8203;adapted to our time.</p><p>In the book <em>Land, Spirituality</em>, theology professor Petra Carlsson Redell describes how Sami Christianity was formed from an approach to nature where humans are equal to all other living things. On the Day of Judgment, humans will be judged by living things that cannot speak. In the Sami-Christian tradition, the land is sacred and humans explain to it why they have come, ask permission before taking something and bless the land to give thanks.</p><p>A faith connected to what we need today needs to be a faith connected to the land. We associate being materialistic with being greedy; wanting to own as much matter as possible. But we can become materialistic in the sense that we respect the materia: things we can touch and perceive, such as stones, earth, water, wind. We can handle matter carefully.</p><div class="pullquote"><p><em><strong>&#8220;Today we have an extra difficulty in getting a sense of the limits for our way of life because our influx comes from all over the world. Only when the global flow slows down can we really feel that the limits are there.&#8221;</strong></em></p></div><p>In that case, we must move away from the division into body and soul. They are interconnected. We are consciousnesses enclosed in bodies and without these bodies there is no consciousness. The world comes to us through our bodies and this happens in specific places.</p><p>We are consciousnesses enclosed in bodies, enclosed by a place where we are part of thousands of relationships, which can give us access to larger consciousnesses. We consist of body and place and relationships. And the only thing we should be constantly connected to is nature so that we become sensitive to it and learn to read it. What exist here? What is sustainable in this place? What can I contribute with?</p><p>The concept of sustainability needs to be grounded; to be clearly anchored in the material and the local. Today, questions of sustainability are often attacked at the national level. Then it becomes in order to devastate certain places because they seem to be on the periphery. But it is the place we need to start from when we talk about sustainability. What is sustainable <em>in this place</em>? We also need to anchor sustainability in time. Is what we are doing sustainable not only now but for the long term? And by long term I do not mean until the next election. The North American indigenous people Haudenosaunee have a seven-generation principle for their decisions. Is what we are doing good also for the seventh generation from now? I want to go even further. We should make our decisions with a millennial perspective.</p><p>On our way towards a modern animism, we must not be naive. We need to approach it with a critical eye. All things were not automatically better when people worshipped nature. Among many animist peoples, the group have imagined that accidents are due to someone else&#8217;s ill will and that &#8220;witches&#8221; or strangers should therefore be punished. This is of course rooted in a desire to find causes for what happens so that one can feel in control. Human sacrifice has also occurred and an animist relationship to the outside world has not always been equal to a sustainable way of life. As we have wandered across the globe, the extinction of large animal species has often followed in our wake. We hunted them too hard. We plundered and ravaged because we did not know the limits of the new places. When we then understood that restraint was required, we began to adapt. Now we need to learn to adapt again. But today we have an extra difficulty in getting a sense of the limits of our way of life because our influx comes from all over the world. Only when there is a global shortage does it become clear that the amount of goods and food is not infinite or independent of specific places. This makes it possible for us to continue to impoverish until it is too late to turn around. Only when the global flow slows down can we really feel that the limits are there.</p><p>Modern natural science can give us the knowledge to use nature wisely. And also contribute with an understanding of how environments interact with each other and how the large ecosystems depend on the smaller ones.</p><p></p><p>(Excerpt from my upcoming book H&#246;ra hemma (On belonging)).</p><p></p><p>#animism #nature #sustainability</p>]]></content:encoded></item><item><title><![CDATA[Children are people  ]]></title><description><![CDATA[... not just future production units. The obedience discourse is going completely off the rails.]]></description><link>https://evalottahultn.substack.com/p/children-are-people</link><guid isPermaLink="false">https://evalottahultn.substack.com/p/children-are-people</guid><dc:creator><![CDATA[Eva-Lotta Hultén]]></dc:creator><pubDate>Wed, 29 Oct 2025 09:27:00 GMT</pubDate><enclosure url="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!-56m!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fc93d7be9-43e6-4df7-a22d-1744299cb0fb_1475x1050.heic" length="0" type="image/jpeg"/><content:encoded><![CDATA[<div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!-56m!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fc93d7be9-43e6-4df7-a22d-1744299cb0fb_1475x1050.heic" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!-56m!,w_424,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fc93d7be9-43e6-4df7-a22d-1744299cb0fb_1475x1050.heic 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!-56m!,w_848,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fc93d7be9-43e6-4df7-a22d-1744299cb0fb_1475x1050.heic 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!-56m!,w_1272,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fc93d7be9-43e6-4df7-a22d-1744299cb0fb_1475x1050.heic 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!-56m!,w_1456,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fc93d7be9-43e6-4df7-a22d-1744299cb0fb_1475x1050.heic 1456w" sizes="100vw"><img src="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!-56m!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fc93d7be9-43e6-4df7-a22d-1744299cb0fb_1475x1050.heic" width="1456" height="1036" data-attrs="{&quot;src&quot;:&quot;https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/c93d7be9-43e6-4df7-a22d-1744299cb0fb_1475x1050.heic&quot;,&quot;srcNoWatermark&quot;:null,&quot;fullscreen&quot;:null,&quot;imageSize&quot;:null,&quot;height&quot;:1036,&quot;width&quot;:1456,&quot;resizeWidth&quot;:null,&quot;bytes&quot;:166786,&quot;alt&quot;:null,&quot;title&quot;:null,&quot;type&quot;:&quot;image/heic&quot;,&quot;href&quot;:null,&quot;belowTheFold&quot;:false,&quot;topImage&quot;:true,&quot;internalRedirect&quot;:&quot;https://evalottahultn.substack.com/i/177449900?img=https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fc93d7be9-43e6-4df7-a22d-1744299cb0fb_1475x1050.heic&quot;,&quot;isProcessing&quot;:false,&quot;align&quot;:null,&quot;offset&quot;:false}" class="sizing-normal" alt="" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!-56m!,w_424,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fc93d7be9-43e6-4df7-a22d-1744299cb0fb_1475x1050.heic 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!-56m!,w_848,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fc93d7be9-43e6-4df7-a22d-1744299cb0fb_1475x1050.heic 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!-56m!,w_1272,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fc93d7be9-43e6-4df7-a22d-1744299cb0fb_1475x1050.heic 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!-56m!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fc93d7be9-43e6-4df7-a22d-1744299cb0fb_1475x1050.heic 1456w" sizes="100vw" fetchpriority="high"></picture><div class="image-link-expand"><div class="pencraft pc-display-flex pc-gap-8 pc-reset"><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container restack-image"><svg aria-hidden="true" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 20 20" fill="none" stroke-width="1.5" stroke="var(--color-fg-primary)" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><g><path d="M2.53001 7.81595C3.49179 4.73911 6.43281 2.5 9.91173 2.5C13.1684 2.5 15.9537 4.46214 17.0852 7.23684L17.6179 8.67647M17.6179 8.67647L18.5002 4.26471M17.6179 8.67647L13.6473 6.91176M17.4995 12.1841C16.5378 15.2609 13.5967 17.5 10.1178 17.5C6.86118 17.5 4.07589 15.5379 2.94432 12.7632L2.41165 11.3235M2.41165 11.3235L1.5293 15.7353M2.41165 11.3235L6.38224 13.0882"></path></g></svg></button><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container view-image"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-maximize2 lucide-maximize-2"><polyline points="15 3 21 3 21 9"></polyline><polyline points="9 21 3 21 3 15"></polyline><line x1="21" x2="14" y1="3" y2="10"></line><line x1="3" x2="10" y1="21" y2="14"></line></svg></button></div></div></div></a></figure></div><p><strong>In school we can cultivate young people&#8217;s drive, thirst for knowledge and their will and ability to participate in the world. We can reason about what kind of lives they want to live, how they can contribute to a better world and to good lives for themselves and others. We could have a school that provides so much more than conformity and factual knowledge.</strong></p><p>In sociology, we talk about children not being seen as &#8220;beings&#8221; but as &#8220;becomings&#8221;. The value of a child is considered to lie in the fact that they will one day become an adult. Such an approach risks leading to seeing neither the child as an agent in their own life, nor childhood and youth as meaningful in themselves.</p><p>But few people are content with just preparing for something that lies far into the future. We want to feel engaged, entertained, challenged, fulfilled and needed now. We want to have influence over our lives. School is not a prison and should not strive to be one. When school or other parts of society cannot offer young people community and purpose, others are ready to do so, and they do not always have democratic or constructive intentions.</p><p>Do we think that children are not affected by our image of them as becomings instead of beings? Of course they are. Children are generally very sensitive to the expectations that adults, friends and society have of them. The pressure of expectations is growing, not least because of social media. At the same time, society is becoming more complex and the future is becoming more and more uncertain. Many children are also met with negative expectations and tend to live up to them. This is the reality that today&#8217;s children and young people have to deal with. Inside, they live as beings, here and now. Politics sees them as becomings, without any presence to take into account.</p><p>The solutions that are presented, almost regardless of what the problems are, are largely about more control and a tougher grip and increasingly about medication. If you have difficulty with math, you should not be allowed to develop in areas where you have an aptitude and desire, but are forced to do even more math. If you have difficulty sitting still, you can be thrown out of the classroom or start taking pills. If you are about to collapse from anxiety, you have to bite the bullet. You cannot take sick leave from school and if you don&#8217;t go there, your parents will be reported to the social services. Why can&#8217;t parents report decision-makers to the social services for making it impossible for children to live the lives they deserve?</p><p>Is the task of schools and parents to get all children to try to learn exactly the same things? Or is it rather to help all children and young people to find out how they themselves can and want to live their lives and contribute to the world in their best way?</p><p>In school we can cultivate young people&#8217;s drive, thirst for knowledge and desire and ability to participate in the world. We can reason about what kind of lives they want to live, how they can contribute to a better world and to good lives for themselves and others. We could have a school that provides so much more than conformity and factual knowledge.</p><p>In all contexts where children are involved, we can invest in building constructive communities where children are involved and have a say. Not only because it leads to better learning, increased democratic capacity and reduced risk of antisocial behaviour (see, among others, Hattie&#8217;s large meta-study of what makes learning effective: Visible learning, and the Swedish National Agency for Educations report: Participation for learning) but because it is the only ethical way to relate to children. To people in general. History should also have taught us the risks that come with socialising with harsh discipline and demands for submission and obedience.</p><p>Children should not decide everything themselves and nor is there anyone in real life who demands that. But they must be given the opportunity to be heard and given concrete opportunities to develop their ability to take responsibility, to find themselves, their community and their role in society.</p><p>We seem to have mixed up goals and means in school. Grades are not the goal of school but a means for selection for higher education or employment. Measurable knowledge is also not a goal in itself but one of several means for living a rich and participatory life. Children are not a means to feed the economic system; it is the economic system that exists to create a society full of meaning, community and social and ecological harmony.</p><p>We view children as if they were machines. If you input certain data, such as a certain amount of math or English, you expect specific outcomes. (But the machine analogy ends if the machine malfunctions. It is often expected to fix itself. Simply sharpen itself.)</p><p>In our relationship with children, we need to find a balance between meaning now and preparation for later and help them both adapt to society and resist when that is called upon. Right now, this means both helping them to deal with the harshness our society has adopted as its own and encouraging them to resist it.</p><p>What all adults can do for all children at the same time is to stand up for a humanistic treatment of children and young people and for a society that is child-friendly &#8211; &#8203;&#8203;and also takes into account future generations. Should we think that children are not worthy of it, we can do it for our own sake. Children are the canary in the coal-mine. A society that is not child-friendly is destructive to us all in the long run.</p><p>A child is a human being in his or her own right; a human both in being and in becoming. A human being with greater needs, more emotions and less experience than us adults. A human being in need of support, guidance, care, freedom, play, development and hope.</p><p> We could have a school that provides so much more that what we set it up for today.</p>]]></content:encoded></item><item><title><![CDATA[Bör barn verkligen lära sig lyda?]]></title><description><![CDATA[I hundra &#229;r drev liberala partier p&#229; f&#246;r en skola byggd p&#229; demokratisk grund. Nu vill de i st&#228;llet f&#229; bort elevinflytandet.]]></description><link>https://evalottahultn.substack.com/p/bor-barn-verkligen-lara-sig-lyda</link><guid isPermaLink="false">https://evalottahultn.substack.com/p/bor-barn-verkligen-lara-sig-lyda</guid><dc:creator><![CDATA[Eva-Lotta Hultén]]></dc:creator><pubDate>Thu, 23 Oct 2025 14:52:12 GMT</pubDate><enclosure url="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!D4Hm!,w_256,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Ff71c210f-0ccd-4c2e-a3d8-41c0cd6e1e7c_1536x1536.jpeg" length="0" type="image/jpeg"/><content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Nu vill Liberalerna avskaffa elevinflytandet helt i skolan. Men &#228;r det verkligen ett liberalt projekt? Och vart kommer det leda?</p><p>Id&#233;er om elevinflytande, estetiska och praktiska &#228;mnens v&#228;rde, kritiskt t&#228;nkande, eget ansvar f&#246;r l&#228;randet och demokratifostran i skolan utvecklades i h&#246;g grad av liberala kvinnliga l&#228;rare kring f&#246;rra sekelskiftet och lyftes in i politiken av d&#229;tidens liberala partier. Tankarna spreds l&#229;ngt utanf&#246;r Sveriges gr&#228;nser av exempelvis Ellen Key, vars bok Barnets &#229;rhundrade lyfte fram just s&#229;dana id&#233;er. &#196;nda fram till 80-talet var liberaler sedan drivande i att utveckla svensk skola i progressiv och humanistisk anda. De var med och bildade opinion f&#246;r, och beslutade om h&#246;jd betygs&#229;lder och initierade f&#246;rs&#246;k med mer elevinflytande.</p><p>Det var f&#246;rst p&#229; 90-talet som liberala opinionsbildare och politiker (som d&#229;varande stockholmska skolborgarr&#229;det Jan Bj&#246;rklund) b&#246;rjade veva om &#8221;flumskolan&#8221; &#8211; ett begrepp n&#228;rmast &#246;vertaget &#246;ver fr&#229;n G&#246;ran Persson &#8211; och propagera f&#246;r mer faktakunskap och katederundervisning. Intressant nog presterade svensk skola under denna tid &#228;nnu bra i de internationella kunskapsj&#228;mf&#246;relser som gjordes. Det var kanske med andra ord inte s&#229; mycket kunskap debatten handlade om som elevers uppf&#246;rande. Och disciplinen skulle komma utifr&#229;n, fr&#229;n l&#228;rare och rektorer, inte inifr&#229;n eleverna sj&#228;lva.</p><p>2006 blev Jan Bj&#246;rklund utbildningsminister och lovade ordning p&#229; skolan, som han h&#228;vdade att socialdemokraterna hade f&#246;rst&#246;rt trots att de av honom s&#229; utsk&#228;llda &#8221;flummiga&#8221; l&#228;roplanerna fr&#229;n 1980 och 1994 tagits fram och klubbats igenom under borgerliga styren.</p><p>L&#228;roplanen fr&#229;n 1994 hade n&#228;r den kom beskrivits som kunskapsfokuserad, &#8221;avideologiserad&#8221; och fri fr&#229;n progressivism. Senare debatt har i st&#228;llet gjort g&#228;llande att den f&#246;rde in en konstruktivistisk kunskapssyn, men det saknar st&#246;d i arkiven. Kursplanerna f&#228;rgades enligt didaktikprofessor Magnus Hult&#233;n (ej sl&#228;kt med skribenten till denna text) av &#228;mnesexperter och &#228;mnestraditioner.</p><p>Senaste l&#228;roplanen kom 2011, under Jan Bj&#246;rklunds tid som utbildningsminister. Det inneb&#228;r att alla de tre senaste l&#228;roplanerna har kommit till under borgerligt styre, med stort inflytande av liberalerna. &#196;nd&#229; framst&#228;ller de det nu &#229;ter som att de ska rensa upp och f&#229; ordning. Argumenten &#228;r desamma som 2011: kunskapsuppdraget ska bli tydligare, det ska bli mindre analyserande och reflekterande p&#229; lektionerna, l&#228;raren ska f&#229; mer makt och eleverna mindre. Varf&#246;r gick det inte som de ville redan f&#246;rra g&#229;ngen? Som didaktiklektorn Gunnlaugur Magn&#250;sson skriver p&#229; webbsajten Skola och samh&#228;lle: &#8221; Hur ofta kan de v&#228;nda sig emot sina egna tidigare l&#246;sningar p&#229; diverse problem utan att deras trov&#228;rdighet som Sveriges skolparti urholkas?&#8221;</p><p>Hela tiden ska &#8221;flummet&#8221; bort. Varje g&#229;ng man inf&#246;r ny l&#228;roplan s&#229; verkar en massa &#8221;flum&#8221; &#228;nd&#229; bli kvar. Kan det kanske vara s&#229; att utbildning, l&#228;rande, bed&#246;mning och fostran &#228;r komplexa saker och att inget som r&#246;r m&#228;nniskor och l&#228;rande blir enkelt bara f&#246;r att man vill att de ska vara det?</p><p>De &#8221;frisinnade&#8221; kring f&#246;rra sekelskiftet hade nog sett med f&#246;rv&#229;ning och kanske f&#246;rf&#228;ran p&#229; dagens liberala partis skolpolitik och undrat n&#228;r det egentligen blev liberalt att marknadsf&#246;ra sig med mer disciplin, mer katederundervisning och minskat elevinflytande. En liberal skolpolitik i den gamla andan hade sannolikt handlat mer om att utveckla barns empati och samarbets- och omd&#246;mesf&#246;rm&#229;ga och mindre om att l&#228;ra sig lyda; den hade lyft fram att faktakunskaper &#228;r viktiga men beh&#246;ver s&#228;ttas in i ett sammanhang f&#246;r att bli meningsfulla och den hade satt skolans roll f&#246;r att forma eleverna till sj&#228;lvst&#228;ndiga, samarbetande och demokratiskt sinnade medborgare i centrum.</p><p>S&#229; vart ska denna t&#228;vling i h&#229;rdhet leda? N&#228;r vi tagit ifr&#229;n barn alla m&#246;jligheter till inflytande i skolan, och n&#228;r somliga barn forts&#228;tter ha sv&#229;rt att lyda och sitta stilla, trots hot om straff att sopa skolg&#229;rden, vad blir n&#228;sta steg?</p><p>G&#228;ngkriminella och h&#246;gerextremister rekryterar barn och unga b&#229;de p&#229; n&#228;tet och skolg&#229;rden. &#196;r det verkligen en skola som minskar ungas f&#246;rm&#229;ga att fatta egna moraliska beslut, och som n&#228;rmast verkar f&#246;rakta skolans demokratiuppdrag, vi beh&#246;ver?</p><p>Det finns andra s&#228;tt. De kanske inte ger lika snabba resultat, eller har samma politiska slagkraft, men vi m&#229;ste h&#229;lla &#246;gonen p&#229; vad vi f&#246;rlorar och vad vi f&#229;r p&#229; k&#246;pet n&#228;r vi implementerar nya arbetsmetoder. &#196;r det v&#228;rt det?</p>]]></content:encoded></item></channel></rss>